Private company

Adelaide Steamship Company

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Australian shipping company

The Adelaide Steamship Company was an Australian shipping company, later a diversified industrial and logistics conglomerate. It was formed by a group of South Australian businessmen in 1875. Their aim was to control the transport of goods between Adelaide and Melbourne and profit from the need for an efficient and comfortable passenger service.2 Wikipedia text CC BY-SA 4.0

Last updated Oct 21, 2026.

Overview

1875Founded1
  • HeadquartersAdelaide1
Adelaide Steamship Company house flag
Photo: VileGecko, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons5

The Adelaide Steamship Company was an Australian shipping company, later a diversified industrial and logistics conglomerate. It was formed by a group of South Australian businessmen in 1875. Their aim was to control the transport of goods between Adelaide and Melbourne and profit from the need for an efficient and comfortable passenger service. For its first 100 years, the company's main activities were conventional shipping operations on the Australian coast, primary products, consumer cargoes and extensive passenger services.2

The story

1875 Company formed September 1875

1875 Company incorporated 8 October 1875

1882 Amalgamated with Spencer's Gulf Steamship Co Ltd

1882 Bought out William Whinham

1883 Bought out Anderson & Marshall

1887 Locks out members of the Captains & Officers' Society when it seeks to affiliate with the Maritime Labour Council

1900 Liquidated and reconstructed

1903 Adelaide building at 17 Currie Street

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1904 Adelaide Steamship Company building constructed in Melbourne

1911 SS Yongala lost without trace (discovered in 1958)

1912 SS Koombana lost without trace

1914–1918 World War I – several ships were requisitioned

1915 Took over Coast Steamships Limited

1920 Liquidated and reconstructed

1920 Amalgamated Society of Engineers v Adelaide Steamship Co Ltd (The Engineers' Case)

1933 First John Martin's Christmas Pageant

1935 Formed Adelaide Airways Limited

1936 Purchased West Australian Airways

1936 Merged with Holyman's Airways to form Australian National Airways

1939 Currie St (Adelaide) building changed significantly

1939–1945 World War II – several ships were requisitioned

1940s Diversified into towage, shipbuilding, and the shipping of salt, coal and sugar.

1957 Sold Australian National Airways to Ansett Transport Industries

1964 Interstate fleet merged with McIlwraith, McEacharn & Co to form Associated Steamship Limited

1964 The world's first purpose-built container ship was constructed

1965 Acquired 40% interest in Bulkships

1968 Coast Steamships Limited no longer "retained its own identity"

1968 Bulkships acquired Associated Steamship Limited

1976 Tooth & Co acquired Penfolds

1977 Bulkships sold; ceased connection with ship owning and operating

1980 Acquired a substantial interest in David Jones

1980 Adelaide Steamship Company building in Melbourne destroyed

1981 Acquired Tooth & Co (via David Jones (Properties) Pty Ltd)

1981 Acquired Georges (via David Jones)

1982 Acquired Buckley & Nunn (via David Jones)

1983 Sold Tooth & Co brewing interests to Carlton & United Breweries

1985 Acquired John Martin's

1986 Currie Street building demolished to make way for the State Bank Building, completed in 1988

1989 Industrial Equity Limited purchased from Brierley Investments

1990 Wine interests sold to South Australian Brewing Company

1990 Share price crash

1991 Adsteam commenced liquidation of assets

1991 National Foods floated

1993 Woolworths floated

1993 Adsteam Marine created as the last remaining operational division of Adelaide Steamship Company.

1994 The Australian Taxation Office ruled to disallow IEL $524m of deductions regarding the Woolworth float

1994 "Adelaide Steamship Company (via ASIC) vs former Adsteam directors and auditors" commenced

1995 David Jones floated

1997 Adelaide Steamship Company renamed Residual Assco Group

1997 Adsteam Marine floated

1999 Liquidation of assets completed – Residual Assco Limited delisted – "Residual Assco has no operating businesses but remains active while several IEL tax disputes wind their way through the courts."

2000 "Residual Assco (via ASIC) vs former AdSteam directors and auditors" reached settlement

2001 Adsteam Marine acquired tug operations of Howard Smith for A$500m

2006 Adsteam Marine acquired by AP Moeller-Maersk

2007 Residual Assco's annual report notes that the group holds $429 million "on deposit pending resolution of the outstanding matters between IEL and the ATO"

2007 IEL given leave to challenge the ATO ruling

From Wikipedia’s article on Adelaide Steamship Company, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.4

Products and brands

A relatively minor sideline, started in the 1890s, was the company's tug boat operations. Gradually, tug boat operations extended over a number of ports, but until the middle of the 20th century they remained the poor relation of the more significant coastal shipping operations. With the decline of coastal shipping however, towage assumed more importance. By the 1960s, towage and associated operations represented a very significant part of the company's activities.

In 1977 the company's interest in Bulkships was disposed of, and Adelaide Steamship Company ceased its connection with ship owning and operating. It had diversified into investment and property ownership, vineyard and wine production, optical goods manufacturing and distribution, engineering, share investment, and, until 1973, shipbuilding. Thus towage and associated operations continued to have prominence, even during the 1970s and 1980s when the Adelaide Steamship Company became the foundation for one the country's major conglomerate organisations.

As this activity was happening, towage began to reassert itself as an important element of the company; From 1993 it exhibited a period of aggressive growth until the company had a fleet of 156 tug boats, and operated in over 40 Australian, Indian, Pacific Oceana and British ports. Strengthened by a series of industry rationalisations – Brambles' Port Kembla, Sydney and Newcastle operations and P&O's towage operations in Western Australia – the towage division became a valuable candidate for asset disposal. In April 1997 the company changed its name to Residual Assco Group Limited and in June 1997 floated its marine division which was registered on the Australian Securities Exchange as Adsteam Marine Limited.

Once it became a publicly listed company in its own right, Adsteam Marine established a strong investor following. In addition to towage, the company developed shipping agency and tug barging activities. Adsteam Marine doubled its size in May 2001 when it acquired the towage interests of Howard Smith, its partner in many towage ventures, for more than $500 million, making it the largest towage operator in Australia and the United Kingdom, together with operations in Papua New Guinea and Fiji. Other activities included barge operations in the United States, and ships agency services throughout Australia, New Zealand and India.

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In 2006, it was acquired by AP Moeller-Maersk.

From Wikipedia’s article on Adelaide Steamship Company, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.4

Timeline

  1. 1875Founded Founded1