Allegheny Valley Railroad

The current company, established in 1995, is a separate entity from the original Allegheny Valley Railroad, which was established in 1852. That line, eventually affiliated with the Pennsylvania Railroad system, followed the present company's tracks to Arnold and continued beyond, along the right upstream (southeastern) bank of the river to Oil City.

In October 1995, the Allegheny Valley Railroad began operations when Trimax (now Carload Express) acquired Conrail’s Valley Cluster in the Pittsburgh area. The railroad began interchanging with CSX at the Glenwood Yard in Pittsburgh in 2001. In December 2003, the Allegheny Valley Railroad expanded by leasing and operating 43 miles (69 km) of track from CSX, consisting of the P&W Subdivision and the W&P Subdivision. In 2004, Hurricane Ivan caused $3.2 million in damage to a 7-mile (11 km) section of the P&W Subdivision, which the railroad repaired and restored. In 2006, the Allegheny Valley Railroad restored and began interchanging with the Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway in Bruceton. The railroad began a $10 million renovation of switching operations at Glenwood Yard in 2008. Positive train control began being implemented along the railroad in 2014.

On May 15, 2019, the Allegheny Valley Railroad acquired 47.5 miles (76.4 km) of track from CSX that it had leased and operated since 2003. Under this acquisition, the Allegheny Valley Railroad gained ownership of the Glenwood Yard, the W&P Subdivision, the Tylerdale connecting track, and the P&W Subdivision.