Bridgeway uses statistical analyses and models to select investments for client accounts. Any imperfections, errors or limitations in the models or analyses and therefore any decisions made in reliance on such models or analyses could expose accounts to potential risks. In addition, the models used by Bridgeway assume that certain historical statistical relationships will continue. These models are constructed based on historical data supplied by third parties and, as a result, the success of relying on such models depend heavily on the accuracy and reliability of the supplied historical data. These models seek to identify both fundamentally and technically undervalued securities.
With the exception of the Emerging Markets Small-Cap and Emerging Opportunities and certain proprietary account strategies, Bridgeway’s investment process considers material environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) information, when available, in the ongoing assessment of potential portfolio securities. Bridgeway uses ESG research and/or ratings information provided by third parties in performing this analysis and considering ESG risks. As with any consideration used in assessing portfolio securities, Bridgeway may, at times, utilize ESG information to increase the weighting of an issuer with a good ESG record or decrease the weighting of an issuer with a poor ESG record. However, as ESG information is just one investment consideration, ESG considerations are not solely determinative in any investment decision made by Bridgeway. ESG information for ultra-small companies may be limited, although Bridgeway’s investment process incorporates this information when available. For the U.S. strategies Bridgeway excludes stocks based on certain narrow social reasons including, but not limited to, if the issuer of the stock: (i) conducts or has direct investments in business operations in Sudan; (ii) is principally engaged in the tobacco industry; (iii) is substantially engaged in the production or trade of pornographic material. The number of such companies in Bridgeway’s U.S. equity universe is typically “de minimis.” Generally, client accounts are managed in accordance with a specific investment strategy, as described below. Clients should understand that investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear. Please also reference the Bridgeway Funds’ Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information for further information regarding the investment strategies, restrictions and risks related to the Bridgeway Funds that are offered in the strategies described below. The strategies, and risks related to those strategies, offered in private funds are disclosed in each private fund’s offering materials. International Strategies:
Emerging Markets Small-Cap – Bridgeway’s Emerging Markets Small-Cap strategy seeks to deliver excess returns above the MSCI Emerging Markets Small Cap Index (net) (the “Benchmark”) over a full market cycle. Bridgeway defines a full market cycle as a six to eight-year period. There is no guarantee that this objective will be achieved. The strategy seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in an actively managed portfolio consisting primarily of equity securities of small sized companies in emerging markets as well as securities that are domiciled or have a significant portion of their business active in emerging markets. The investment strategy focuses on systematic application of fundamental analysis for companies in the MSCI Emerging Markets Investable Market Index (the “Index”). Bridgeway selects securities based on a systematic approach that considers fundamental measures such as value (e.g., price-to-earnings ratio), indicators of quality (e.g., return on equity), and sentiment (e.g., estimate revisions). Specific measures are applied based on an adaptive categorization of the type of company based on a proprietary definition of capital intensity. The categorization of securities considered for the strategy may be adjusted based on Bridgeway’s analysis of externalities, such as (but not limited to) rapid changes to regulations impacting the industry, leadership
transitions, or market volatility due to election outcomes or other externalities that could impact a company’s outlook. A differentiated approach to portfolio construction driven by risk analysis relative to the Benchmark is also a key element of the investment strategy. Emerging markets are those countries that are classified by MSCI as emerging markets and generally consist of those countries with securities markets that are less sophisticated than more developed markets in terms of participation, analyst coverage, liquidity and regulation. These are markets which have yet to reach a level of maturity associated with developed foreign stock markets, especially in terms of participation by investors. Some emerging market countries may be considered to be “frontier market” countries. The emerging markets small-cap strategy is speculative and entails a high degree of risk. These risks are in addition to the usual risks inherent in U.S. investments. There is the possibility of expropriation, nationalization, or confiscatory taxation, taxation of income earned in foreign nations or other taxes imposed with respect to investments in foreign nations, foreign exchange control (which may include suspension of the ability to transfer currency from a given country), default in foreign government securities, political or social instability, or diplomatic developments which could affect investments in securities of issuers in those nations. In addition, the risks associated with foreign investments are heightened when investing in emerging markets. The government and economies of emerging markets feature greater instability than those of more developed countries. Such investments tend to fluctuate in price more widely and to be less liquid than other foreign investment. Investments in small companies generally carry greater risk than is customarily associated with larger companies. This additional risk is attributable to a number of reasons, including the relatively limited financial resources that are typically available to small companies, and the fact that small companies often have comparatively limited product lines. In addition, the stock of small companies tends to be more volatile and less liquid than the stock of large companies, particularly in the short term and particularly in the early stages of an economic or market downturn. Absolute Return Strategies:
Emerging Opportunities – The Emerging Opportunities strategy pursues its investment objective by applying fundamental and sentiment analysis contextually. The strategy seeks to achieve its exposure by investing in an actively managed portfolio consisting primarily of long and short swaps of securities exposed to emerging markets economies. The strategy may invest directly in the underlying securities. Investment themes and investment universes may be added opportunistically. The categorization of underlying securities considered for the strategy may be adjusted based on Bridgeway’s analysis of externalities, such as (but not limited to) rapid changes to regulations impacting the industry, leadership transitions, or market volatility due to election outcomes or other externalities that could impact a company’s outlook. The strategy is generally intended to have a low correlation to the equity markets and is not designed to match the performance of any hedge fund index. Bridgeway seeks to mitigate risk through diversification of holdings and through active monitoring of volatility, counterparties and other risk measures. There is no
assurance, however, that these risks will be mitigated nor that the strategy will achieve its investment objective. Short selling is intended to create a profit based on declines in the price of securities being sold short, however, there is no guarantee the price of a security being sold short will decline and in fact short selling creates potentially unlimited risk of loss because there is no limit to how high the price of the security may rise. Please see foreign and emerging market risk disclosures in the Emerging Markets Small-Cap description above.
Global Opportunities – The Global Opportunities strategy pursues its investment objective by applying fundamental and sentiment analysis contextually. The strategy seeks to achieve its exposure by investing in an actively managed portfolio consisting primarily of long and short swaps of securities in the emerging markets, developed markets and U.S. markets. The strategy may invest directly in the underlying securities. Investment themes and investment universes may be added opportunistically. The categorization of underlying securities considered for the strategy may be adjusted based on Bridgeway’s analysis of externalities, such as (but not limited to) rapid changes to regulations impacting the industry, leadership transitions, or market volatility due to election outcomes or other externalities that could impact a company’s outlook. The strategy is generally intended to have a low correlation to the equity markets and is not designed to match the performance of any hedge fund index. Bridgeway seeks to mitigate risk through diversification of holdings and through active monitoring of volatility, counterparties and other risk measures. There is no assurance, however, that these risks will be mitigated nor that the strategy will achieve its investment objective. Short selling is intended to create a profit based on declines in the price of securities being sold short, however, there is no guarantee the price of a security being sold short will decline and in fact short selling creates potentially unlimited risk of loss because there is no limit to how high the price of the security may rise. Please see foreign and emerging market risk disclosures in the Emerging Markets Small-Cap description above and U.S. market risks described below.
U.S. Strategies:
Aggressive Investors 1 – Bridgeway’s Aggressive Investors 1 investment strategy seeks to provide long-term toral return on capital, primarily through capital appreciation . Under this approach, Bridgeway invests in U.S. companies of all sizes and holdings spanning various styles including growth and value stocks. Bridgeway selects stocks using a statistical approach to identify stocks with a lower probability of price decline over the long term, though the stock price may be more volatile in the short-term. Bridgeway generally selects companies to provide strong portfolio exposure to Quality (e.g., high profit margins and stable earnings), Value (e.g., low valuation multiples), and Sentiment (e.g., positive estimate revisions or price momentum) factors . Investments in small companies generally carry greater risk than is customarily associated with larger companies. This additional risk is attributable to a number of factors, including the relatively limited financial resources that are typically available to small companies, and
the fact that small companies often have comparatively limited product lines. In addition, the stock of small companies tends to be more volatile and less liquid than the stock of large companies, particularly in the short term and particularly in the early stages of an economic or market downturn. The strategy may invest in a smaller number of companies, which will likely add to volatility. The strategy may invest in foreign securities. Investment in foreign securities can be more volatile than investments in U.S. securities. The strategy engages in frequent trading, which could result in higher trading costs and for investors in taxable accounts, a higher tax burden. Leverage created from borrowing may impair the strategy’s liquidity, cause it to liquidate positions at an unfavorable time, increase volatility or otherwise not achieve its intended objective. However, Bridgeway considers the use of these strategies as conservative. Nevertheless, investors may be taking on more risk than they would otherwise if they invested in the stock market as a whole.
Ultra-Small Company – Bridgeway’s Ultra-Small Company strategy seeks to provide long-term capital appreciation. The benchmark for this strategy is the Russell Microcap Index. For purposes of this strategy, Bridgeway defines ultra-small as those companies with a market capitalization of less than $1 billion at the time of purchase. Bridgeway generally seeks to construct a portfolio of companies within the smallest 20% of U.S.-listed stocks. Bridgeway selects companies to provide strong portfolio exposure to Quality (e.g., high profit margins and stable earnings), Value (e.g., low valuation multiples), and Sentiment (e.g., positive estimate revisions or price momentum) factors. Investments in ultra-small companies generally carry greater risk than is customarily associated with large, small and even micro-cap company shares. This additional risk is attributable to a number of factors, including the relatively limited financial resources that are typically available to ultra-small companies, and the fact that ultra-small companies often have comparatively limited product lines. In addition, the stock of ultra-small companies tends to be more volatile and less liquid than the stock of large companies, particularly in the short term and particularly in the early stages of an economic or market downturn. The strategy may engage in active and frequent trading, which could result in higher trading costs and for investors in taxable accounts, a higher tax burden. The strategy may purchase stock market index futures and ETFs, in order to equitize cash. The strategy may invest in foreign securities. Investment in foreign securities can be more volatile than investments in U.S. securities. This strategy is only available as a mutual fund.
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