Code of Ethics In accordance with Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (together, with the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the “Advisers Act”), Charlesbank has adopted a Code of Ethics (the “Code”) for all employees or other persons who provide investment advice on behalf of Charlesbank (each, a “Covered Person” and collectively, the “Covered Persons”) describing its standard of business conduct and fiduciary duty to its clients. The Code includes provisions relating to the prohibition on insider trading, procedures for personal trading, restrictions on the acceptance and giving of significant gifts, and the making of political contributions, among other things. Annually, all Charlesbank Covered Persons must acknowledge that they have received, read and understand the terms of the Code, and that they have complied with, and will continue to comply with, the Code. Charlesbank Covered Persons are required to follow the Code, which is designed to assure that the personal investment transactions, activities and interests of the Covered Persons of Charlesbank will not interfere with (1) making decisions in the best interests of the Charlesbank Funds and (2) implementing such decisions while, at the same time, allowing Covered Persons to invest for their own accounts. The Code requires preclearance of most personal investment transactions. Charlesbank maintains a restricted list against which trades requiring preclearance are checked. Under the Code, certain classes of investments have been designated as exempt from preclearance, based upon a determination that these would not materially interfere with the best interests of Charlesbank’s clients. Trading by Covered Persons is monitored under the Code to reasonably prevent conflicts of interest between Charlesbank and its clients and prevent insider trading and the misuse of the material non-public information held by Charlesbank and its Covered Persons, including with respect to the Funds and their portfolio companies. Charlesbank will provide investors or prospective investors in the Funds with a copy of the Code upon written request to the Chief Compliance Officer, Charlesbank Capital Partners, LLC, 200 Clarendon Street, 54th Floor, Boston, MA 02116. However, Charlesbank reserves the right to refine and modify the Code and its other policies and procedures over time. No investor or prospective investor should invest with Charlesbank on the basis of, or otherwise rely on, the provisions thereof, and any such refinements or modifications have the potential materially to affect the investments available to the Funds or the expenses borne thereby. Participation or Interest in Client Transactions As described in the responses to Items 5 and 6, Charlesbank and the general partners of the applicable Charlesbank Funds are generally entitled to receive management fees and carried interest from the Charlesbank Funds. The general partners of the applicable Charlesbank Fund also make capital commitments to the Funds. Further, certain employees and affiliates of Charlesbank will invest in and alongside the Funds, either through the general partners, as direct investors in the Executives Entities or otherwise. A Fund or its general partner, as applicable, reserve the right to reduce all or a portion of the management fee and carried interest related to investments held by such persons. For further details regarding these arrangements, as well as conflicts of interest presented by them, please see “Potential Conflicts of Interest” immediately below. In addition, Charlesbank and its affiliates are permitted to receive fees from a Fund’s portfolio companies for performing consulting and other services for, or serving as directors (or similar positions) of, such companies, and such fees are permitted to be paid in the form of securities of the portfolio companies to which Charlesbank and its affiliates provided services. Each of the
foregoing may represent a material financial interest in the securities that Charlesbank recommends to the Funds. Due in part to the fact that potential investors in a Fund (including purchasers of a limited partner’s interests in a secondary transaction) or a co-investment opportunity (see below) may ask different questions and request different information, Charlesbank may provide certain information to one or more prospective investors that it does not provide to all of the prospective investors or limited partners. Potential Conflicts of Interest Charlesbank and its related entities engage in a broad range of activities, including investment activities for their own account and for the account of other investment funds, and providing transaction-related, investment advisory, management and other services to funds and operating companies. In the ordinary course of conducting its activities, the interests of a Fund likely will conflict with the interests of Charlesbank, other Funds or their respective affiliates. Potential conflicts of interest exist in the structure and operation of the Funds’ business. If any matter arises that any of the general partners or Charlesbank determines in its good faith judgment constitutes an actual conflict of interest, such general partner or Charlesbank, as applicable, will take such actions as it determines in good faith may be, or which pursuant to the applicable Fund’s limited partnership agreement are, necessary or appropriate to ameliorate the conflict. In resolving conflicts, Charlesbank considers various factors, including the interests of the applicable Funds with respect to the immediate issue and/or with respect to their longer-term courses of dealing. Certain procedures for resolving specific conflicts of interest are set forth below. When conflicts arise, the following factors generally mitigate, but will not eliminate, conflicts of interest:
(1)
On any issue involving actual or potential conflicts of interest, Charlesbank will be guided by its good faith discretion and Charlesbank will seek to act in the best interests of any Funds potentially affected directly or indirectly by the conflicts of interest;
(2)
Where set forth in the Governing Documents for the Funds, Charlesbank will seek to resolve the conflict of interest in accordance with the set procedures, restrictions or other provisions contained in the Governing Documents;
(3)
In accordance with the Governing Documents for the Funds, Charlesbank may be required to consult or may consult at its discretion with the Advisory Committee of the Fund (if any), consisting of representatives of investors not affiliated with Charlesbank, as to certain potential conflicts of interest;
(4)
Charlesbank has adopted and implemented certain policies and procedures designed to reduce, avoid and mitigate certain conflicts of interest; and
(5)
Prior to subscribing for interests in a Fund, each investor receives information relating to significant potential conflicts of interest arising from the proposed activities of the Fund.
While Charlesbank endeavors to resolve all conflicts in a fair and impartial manner, there can be no assurance that its own interests will not influence its conduct and decisions. There can be no assurance that the general partners and Charlesbank, as applicable, will ameliorate or resolve all conflicts of interest in a manner that is favorable to the Funds or any particular limited partner. In addition, the Governing Documents contain provisions that, subject to applicable law, (a) reduce or eliminate the duties, including fiduciary and other duties, to the Funds and the limited partners to which the general partners would otherwise be subject, (b) waive duties or consent to the conduct of the general partners that might not otherwise be permitted pursuant to such duties and (c) limit the remedies of limited
partners with respect to breaches of such duties. Additionally, the Governing Documents contain exculpation and indemnification provisions that, subject to the specific exception enumerated therein, provide that the relevant general partner and its affiliates (including Charlesbank) will be held harmless and indemnified, respectively, for matters relating to the operation of the Funds, including matters that involve one or more potential or actual conflicts of interest. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in the Governing Documents, nothing herein or therein shall constitute a waiver of any person’s non-waivable federal fiduciary duties to the Funds under the Advisers Act. Certain of these conflicts of interest, as well as a description of how Charlesbank addresses such conflicts of interest, can be found below. The material conflicts of interest encountered by Charlesbank and the Funds include those discussed below, although the discussion below does not purport to be a complete list or explanation of all conflicts of interest that will be faced by Charlesbank or a Fund. Other potential conflicts are disclosed in the Governing Documents of the Funds and throughout this brochure and the brochure should be read in its entirety for other conflicts. Conflicts Associated with the Allocation of Investment Opportunities Charlesbank has an Allocation Policy that determines the allocation of investment opportunities, and an allocation committee administers the policy. For each investment opportunity, in addition to formal approval by the applicable investment committee, potential participation by the Funds in such investment opportunity is reviewed by the allocation committee in accordance with such policy and procedures as well as the Governing Documents relating to the Funds. In allocating investment decisions among the Funds, the allocation committee may consider a wide range of factors as set forth in the Allocation Policy. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Charlesbank will not allocate investment opportunities among Funds based, in whole or in part, on (i) the relative fee structure or amount of fees paid by a Fund or (ii) the profitability of any Fund. The application of the factors considered by the allocation committee will often result in allocation on a non-pro rata basis and there can be no assurance that a Fund will participate in all investment opportunities that fall within its investment objectives. The allocation committee makes allocation determinations based solely on its expectations at the time such investments are made, however investments and their characteristics may change and there can be no assurance that an investment may prove to have been more suitable for another Fund in hindsight. From time to time, certain investment opportunities involve interests in portfolio companies of one or more Funds that are part of a restructuring or similar transaction. In such instances, investors in the Funds involved in such a transaction are typically given priority rights to roll over their existing interests or otherwise reinvest in such investment opportunities (for instance, through a newly formed “continuation fund”). As a result, other Funds may not be allocated all or any portion of such an investment opportunity, even if such opportunity falls within a Fund’s investment objectives or strategy. Allocation determinations are inherently subjective and give rise to conflicts of interest due to the inherent biases in the process. While Charlesbank determines how to allocate investment opportunities using its best judgment, there can be no assurance that a Fund’s actual allocation of an investment opportunity, if any, or the terms on which that allocation is made will be as favorable as they would be if the conflicts of interest to which Charlesbank is subject, discussed herein, did not exist. Additional conflicts could arise to the extent Charlesbank and/or its affiliates, or Charlesbank personnel, hold an outsized economic position in any of the Funds. In such cases, Charlesbank could be incentivized to allocate investment opportunities in a manner that would enhance the returns of the Funds in which
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