The story
Founded by Anina Bennett, Deni Loubert, Heidi MacDonald, Jackie Estrada and Trina Robbins in 1994.1
Formation
In the early 1990s, comic book professionals Trina Robbins, Heidi MacDonald, Deni Loubert, Anina Bennett, Liz Schiller, and Jackie Estrada banded together to share frustrations, information and aspirations for women in the male-dominated comics industry — at that point, there were roughly "20 women writing and drawing [professionally] amid hundreds of male counterparts...;" furthermore, "90% to 95% of comics readers [were] male."
The first informal Friends of Lulu meeting — a brunch at the 1993 edition of WonderCon, in Oakland, California — was attended by Robbins, MacDonald, Loubert, Bennett, Schiller, and Estrada. Friends of Lulu was officially formed in 1994; co-founder Trina Robbins recalls that a Cherry Poptart lookalike contest sponsored by Comic-Con International was the "last straw" that inspired the creation of the organization. FoL began as an amateur press association which lasted three issues. The Friends of Lulu logo was created by MacDonald.
Activities
As an organization, Friends of Lulu decided to address three main areas of concern: proving the case that girls and women did indeed read comics (and always had), the reluctance by the comics industry — publishers and retailers — to market comics to females, and the lack of work available to female comics creators.
FoL began tabling at San Diego Comic-Con and continued for many years at other comic book conventions. Activities included meeting with publishers, retailers, and creators, and conducting readership surveys. The organization also raised money through the sales of T-shirts, buttons, stickers, and, later on, their own publications. Artist Lee Marrs was a regular presence at the Friends of Lulu table at these events.
FoL elected its first board of directors in the summer of 1995 at San Diego Comic-Con. (The organization continued the tradition of electing board members during Comic-Con for many subsequent years.) The organization published a newsletter called Lulu's Clubhouse, which it distributed to members. Various FoL regional chapters were formed, some of which produced minicomics to promote Friends of Lulu.
In 1997 the first annual Friends of Lulu conference, titled "Here to Save Comics," was held in San Jose, California (in conjunction with the Alternative Press Expo); the Lulu Awards were presented at that year's San Diego Comic-Con.
1997 also saw the publication of How to Get Girls (Into Your Store), a guide for comics shop retailers on how to make their stores more female-friendly. The guide was edited by Deni Loubert. Diamond Comics Distribution helped get the guide into stores, also providing free full-page ads for the guide in Diamond's retailer catalog.
The organization held two more "LuluCon" conferences, in 1998 in Newark, New Jersey, and in 1999 in Los Angeles.
Read the full text
In 2000, Friends of Lulu was awarded a grant from the Xeric Foundation to self-publish Friends of Lulu: Storytime.
In 2003, the organization published an anthology entitled Broad Appeal.
Troubles and dissolution
In the spring of 2006, in the wake of revelations of a sexual assault that happened at a 2005 comic convention, FoL vice president Ronée Garcia Bourgeois announced the creation of a Friends of Lulu Women's Empowerment Fund. The fund was "intended to give victims of sexual assault or harassment in a comics-industry context the strength to fight back legally if not physically." However, the empowerment fund "was judged by its administrators to have been insufficiently thought through... and it was soon abandoned," with FoL forced to return all donations.
The public failure of the Empowerment Fund was difficult for Friends of Lulu, and by the fall of 2007, the presidency of the organization was vacant. In September 2007, Valerie D'Orazio volunteered to fill the empty president of the national board of directors of Friends of Lulu.
By the summer of 2010, FoL's future was uncertain, with D'Orazio announcing she planned to step down as president at the end of the year. In August 2010, an interim Board of Directors was reestablished.
In June 2011, the IRS revoked the organization's tax-exempt status as a non-profit "for failing to file an annual information return or notice with the IRS for three consecutive years." The group ceased operations shortly afterwards.
From Wikipedia’s article on Friends of Lulu, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.4