The story
History
Early years
The first Rotary Club was formed when attorney Paul P. Harris called together a meeting of three business acquaintances in downtown Chicago, Illinois, at Harris's friend Gustave Loehr's office in the Unity Building on Dearborn Street on February 23, 1905. In addition to Harris and Loehr (a mining engineer and freemason), Silvester Schiele (a coal merchant), and Hiram E. Shorey (a tailor) were the other two who attended this first meeting. The members chose the name Rotary because initially they rotated subsequent weekly club meetings to each other's offices, although within a year, the Chicago club became so large it became necessary to adopt the now-common practice of a regular meeting place.
The next four Rotary Clubs were organized in cities in the western United States, beginning with San Francisco, then Oakland, Seattle, and Los Angeles. The National Association of Rotary Clubs in America was formed in 1910. On November 3, 1910, a Rotary club began meeting in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, marking the beginning of Rotary as an international organization. On February 22, 1911, the first meeting of the Rotary Club Dublin was held in Dublin, Ireland. This was the first club established outside of North America. In April 1912, the Winnipeg club was chartered, marking the first official establishment of an American-style service club outside the United States. To reflect the addition of a club outside of the United States, the name was changed to the International Association of Rotary Clubs in 1912.
In August 1912, the Rotary Club of London received its charter from the Association, marking the first acknowledged Rotary club outside North America. It later became known that the Dublin club in Ireland was organized before the London club, but the Dublin club did not receive its charter until after the London club was chartered.
During World War I, Rotary in Britain increased from 9 to 22 clubs, and other early clubs in other nations included those in Cuba in 1916, the Philippines in 1919 and India in 1920.
In 1922, the name was changed to Rotary International. From 1923 to 1928, Rotary's office and headquarters were located on E 20th Street (now E Cullerton Street) in the Atwell Building. During this same time, the monthly magazine The Rotarian was published mere floors below by Atwell Printing and Binding Company. By 1925, Rotary had grown to 200 clubs with more than 20,000 members. During the 1930s there was an expanding conflict in Asia between Japan and China and the fear of a confrontation between Japan and the United States. In hopes of helping resolve these issues, a leading Japanese international statesman, Prince Iyesato Tokugawa, was chosen as the Honorary Keynote Speaker at Rotary's 25th Anniversary Convention held in 1930 in Chicago. Prince Tokugawa held the position of president of Japan's upper house of congress, the National Diet, for 30 years. Tokugawa promoted democratic principles and international goodwill. It was only after his death in 1940 that Japanese militants were able to push Japan into joining the Axis Powers in WWII.
World War II era in Europe
Rotary Clubs in Spain ceased to operate shortly after the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War.
Clubs were disbanded across Europe as follows:
Germany and Austria (1938)
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Italy (1939)
Czechoslovakia (1940)
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Yugoslavia and Luxembourg (1941)
Hungary (1941/1942)
Rotary International has worked with the UN since the UN started in 1945. At that time Rotary was involved in 65 countries. The two organizations shared ideals around promoting peace. Rotary received consultative status at the UN in 1946–47.
During the Third Reich, Rotary Clubs were grouped with Freemasonry as secret societies associated with Jews, and Nazi officials were banned from joining them. This was reversed in July 1933 after appeals but the club was forced to ban all Jews from membership. This led to several non-Jews quitting in solidarity. In order to survive, the members tried to show their loyalty to the Nazi leadership, inviting government officials and high-standing businesspeople. These included Hermann Schlosser, a business manager for Degesch – which supplied Zyklon B for use at death camps such as Auschwitz-Birkenau. After 1945, the Rotary club tried to control the damage by preventing members such as Hans Globke and Wolfgang A. Wick from being appointed presidents.
From 1945 onward
Rotary clubs in Eastern Europe and communist nations were disbanded by 1945–46, but new Rotary clubs were organized in many other countries, and by the time of the national independence movements in Africa and Asia, the new nations already had Rotary clubs.
On January 11, 1951, a decree of the Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office, published by L'Osservatore Romano, forbade catholic clergy to accept membership of Rotary clubs. On January 27, 1951, a second decree of the Holy Office specified that warning against membership by laymen applied in some countries but not in the U.S.
Relationships with the Roman Catholic Church were changed again by Paul VI and John Paul II.
After the relaxation of government control of community groups in Russia and former Warsaw Pact nations, Rotarians were welcomed as club organizers, and clubs were formed in those countries, beginning with the Moscow club in 1990.
In 1985, Rotary launched its PolioPlus program to immunize all of the world's children against polio. As of 2011, Rotary had contributed more than 900 million US dollars to the cause.
As of 2006, Rotary had more than 1.4 million members in over 36,000 clubs among 200 countries and geographical areas, making it the most widespread by branches and second largest service club by membership, behind Lions Clubs International. The number of Rotarians has slightly declined in recent years: Between 2002 and 2006, they went from 1,245,000 to 1,223,000 members. North America accounts for 450,000 members, Asia for 300,000, Europe for 250,000, Latin America for 100,000, Oceania for 100,000 and Africa for 30,000.
Rotary International presidents (1990–present)
Paulo V. C. Costa (1990–91)
Rajendra K. Saboo (1991–92)
Clifford L. Dochterman (1992–93)
Robert R. Barth (1993–94)
William H. Huntley (1994–95)
Herbert G. Brown (1995–96)
Luis Vicente Giay (1996–97)
Glen W. Kinross (1997–98)
James L. Lacy (1998–99)
Carlo Ravizza (1999–2000)
Frank J. Devlyn (2000–01)
Richard D. King (2001–02)
Bhichai Rattakul (2002–03)
Jonathan B. Majiyagbe (2003–04)
Glenn E. Estess, Sr. (2004–05)
Carl-Wilhelm Stenhammar (2005–06)
William Boyd (2006–07)
Wilfrid J. Wilkinson (2007–08)
Dong Kurn Lee (2008–09)
John Kenny (2009–10)
Ray Klinginsmith (2010–11)
Kalyan Banerjee (2011–12)
Sakuji Tanaka (2012–13)
Ron D. Burton (2013–14)
Gary C.K. Huang (2014–15)
K.R. Ravindran (2015–16)
John F. Germ (2016–17)
Ian H. S. Riseley (2017–18)
Barry Rassin (2018–19)
Mark Daniel Maloney (2019–20)
Holger Knaack (2020–21)
Shekhar Mehta (2021–22)
Jennifer E. Jones (2022–23)
Gordon McInally (2023–24)
Stephanie A. Urchick (2024–25)
Francesco Arezzo (2025–26)
Other notable past presidents
Paul P. Harris (1910–12)
Clinton Presba Anderson (1932–33)
Herbert J. Taylor (1954–55)
Nitish Chandra Laharry (1962–63)
Richard L. Evans (1966–67)
Luther H. Hodges (1967–68)
Sir Clem Renouf (1978–79)
Carlos Canseco (1984–85)
Royce Abbey (1988–89)
Creation
The first steps towards the formal foundation of Rotex International started in 2012 in Bordeaux, France, when Rebounds from all around the world met and began to think about how to form an alumni association; this is considered the 1st Rotex Convention even though it was not yet acknowledged as such by Rotary. In 2014, the 2nd Convention took place in Brussels, where these Rebounds got together with the aim of improving this association, but still they were not recognized by Rotary as a part of the organization. It was in the 3rd Rotex Convention that this alumni association was formally acknowledged by Rotary and the first board of Rotex was elected. When it comes to the District 4851 of Rotex in Argentina, it was officially founded on June 15, 2023.The certificate issued to the association by Rotary International is herein cited.
From Wikipedia’s article on Rotary International, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.4