Code of Ethics/Insider Trading We have adopted a written Code of Ethics (the “Code”) designed to address and avoid potential conflicts of interest as required under Rule 204A-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). The Code establishes guidelines for professional conduct and personal trading procedures and is applicable to all of the Gores principals, officers and employees and other personnel of Gores, as well as officers and employees of its affiliates and certain independent contractors (collectively, “Gores Personnel”). Gores Personnel who violate the Code may be subject to remedial actions, including, but not limited to, profit disgorgement, fines, censure, demotion, suspension or dismissal. Gores Personnel are also required to promptly report any violation of the Code of which they become aware. Gores Personnel are required to annually certify compliance with the Code. Our Code limits our employees’ personal securities trading activity and mandates that all such trading activity comply with the requirements of the Code, including: (1) pre-clearing certain personal securities transactions; (2) reporting personal securities transactions on at least a quarterly basis; and (3) providing us with a detailed summary of certain holdings (both initially upon commencement of employment and annually thereafter) over which such employees have a direct or indirect beneficial interest. The Code helps Gores to detect and prevent certain potential conflicts of interest. Gores reserves the right to refine and modify the Code of Ethics and its other policies and procedures over time. A copy of our Code will be provided to any investor or prospective investor upon written request. Participation or Interest in Client Transactions Employees and affiliates of Gores invest in the Partnerships either through the general partners or as direct investors in the Partnerships, and such Partnerships or the general partners, as applicable, generally do not pay Management Fee and/or Incentive Allocations. For further details regarding these arrangements, as well as conflicts of interest presented by them, please see “Conflicts of Interest” immediately below. Due in part to the fact that potential investors in a Partnership (including purchasers of a Limited Partner’s interests in a secondary transaction) or a co-investment opportunity (see below) ask different questions and request different information, Gores from time to time provides certain information to one or more prospective investors that it does not provide to all of the prospective investors or Limited Partners. Conflicts of Interest Gores and its related entities engage in a broad range of activities, including investment activities for their own account and for the account of multiple investment funds, and providing transaction-related,
investment advisory, management and other services to funds and operating companies. In the ordinary course of conducting its activities, the interests of a Partnership conflict with the interests of Gores, other Partnerships or their respective affiliates. Certain of these conflicts of interest, as well as a description of how Gores addresses such conflicts of interest, can be found below. In addition, other conflicts of interest may also be disclosed in the Governing Documents of a particular Partnership. Gores will, from time to time, establish certain investment vehicles through which certain employees of Gores or its affiliates, certain employees of Gores Operations, certain business associates, other “friends of the firm,” or other Third Parties will invest alongside one or more Partnerships in one or more investment opportunities. Such vehicles, referred to herein as “co-investment vehicles,” may, in certain circumstances, be contractually required to purchase and sell certain investment opportunities at the same time and on the same terms as the applicable Partnership that is invested in that investment opportunity. Such coinvestment vehicles generally do not pay Management Fees or Incentive Allocations. Resolution of Conflicts In the case of all conflicts of interest, Gores’ determination as to which factors are relevant, and the resolution of such conflicts, will be made using Gores’ best judgment, but in its sole discretion. In resolving conflicts, Gores generally considers various factors, including the interests of the applicable Partnerships with respect to the immediate issue and/or with respect to their longer-term courses of dealing. Certain procedures for resolving specific conflicts of interest are set forth below. In addition, certain provisions of a Partnership’s Governing Documents are designed to protect the interests of investors in situations where conflicts may exist, although these provisions do not eliminate such conflicts. In certain instances, some of such conflicts of interest may be resolved in a manner adverse to a Partnership and its ability to achieve its investment objectives. While Gores endeavors to resolve all conflicts in a fair and impartial manner, there can be no assurance that its own interests will not influence its conduct and decisions. There can be no assurance that Gores will identify or resolve all conflicts in a manner that is favorable to the Partnership. Conflicts The material conflicts of interest encountered by a Partnership include those discussed below, although the discussion below does not necessarily describe all of the conflicts that may be faced by a Partnership. Other conflicts are disclosed throughout this brochure and the brochure should be read in its entirety for other conflicts. Allocation of Investment Opportunities Among Clients In connection with its investment activities, Gores will encounter situations in which it must determine how to allocate investment opportunities (including follow-on investments) among various clients and other persons, which include, but are not limited to, the following:
The Partnerships;
Any co-investors or co-investment vehicles that have been formed to invest side-by-side with one or more Partnerships in particular transactions entered into by such Partnership(s) (the coinvestors or investors in such co-investment vehicles which may include Gores Investors and/or
Third Parties);
Gores Investors and/or Third Parties that wish to make direct investments (i.e., not through an investment vehicle) side-by-side with one or more Partnerships in particular transactions entered into by such Partnership(s); and
Gores Investors and/or Third Parties acting as “co-sponsors” with Gores with respect to a particular transaction.
Gores makes allocation determinations consistent with the Partnerships’ Governing Documents and in accordance with its written policies and procedures relating to the allocation of investment opportunities and will make allocation determinations consistently therewith. The Partnerships are generally subject to investment allocation requirements (collectively, “Investment Allocation Requirements”). Investment Allocation Requirements are typically set forth in the Partnership’s Governing Documents. To the extent the Investment Allocation Requirements of a Partnership do not include specific allocation procedures and/or allow Gores discretion in making allocation decisions among the Partnerships, Gores will follow the process set forth below. Gores must first determine which Partnerships and/or other parties are eligible to participate in an investment opportunity. Gores assesses whether an investment opportunity is appropriate for a particular Partnership(s), based on the Partnership’s investment objectives, strategies, investment phase, and structure. A Partnership’s investment objectives, strategies and structure typically are reflected in the Partnership’s Governing Documents. Prior to making any allocation to a Partnership of an investment opportunity, Gores determines what additional factors restrict or limit the offering of an investment opportunity to the Partnership(s). Possible restrictions typically include, but are not limited to:
Obligation to Offer: Gores may be required to offer an investment opportunity to one or more Partnerships. This obligation to offer investment opportunities may be set forth in a Partnership’s Governing Documents.
Related Investments: Gores may offer an investment opportunity related to an investment previously made by a Partnership(s) to such Partnership(s) to the exclusion of, or resulting in a limited offering to, other Partnerships.
Legal and Regulatory Exclusions: Gores may determine that certain Partnerships or investors in such Partnerships should be excluded from an allocation due to specific legal, regulatory and contractual restrictions placed on the participation of such persons in certain types of investment opportunities.
Partnership Life Cycle: Gores may determine that certain Partnerships should be excluded from an allocation when such Partnership no longer has the ability to make new or, as applicable, followon investments, as provided in the Partnership’s Governing Documents.
Once Gores identifies the Partnerships are eligible to participate in a particular investment, Gores, in its discretion, decides how to allocate such investment opportunity among the identified Partnerships. In allocating such investment opportunity, Gores typically considers some or all of a wide range of factors, which generally include, but are not necessarily limited to, one or more of the following:
Amount of capital available for investment by each Partnership as well as each Partnership’s projected future capacity for investment (including whether a Partnership is able to invest all capital required to consummate a particular investment opportunity), the current or expected capital requirements of each Partnership’s existing or anticipated portfolio companies, and anticipated co-investment (if any);
The size, liquidity and duration of the investment;
Minimum and maximum investment size requirements;
Each Partnership’s investment objectives and investment focus;
Each Partnership’s liquidity and reserves (including whether a Partnership is able to commit to invest all capital required to consummate a particular investment opportunity);
Each Partnership’s diversification (including the actual, relative or potential exposure of a Partnership to the type of investment opportunity in terms of its existing portfolio);
Lender covenants and other limitations;
Each Partnership’s targeted rate of return;
Stage of development of the prospective portfolio company or other investment and anticipated holding period of the portfolio company;
Composition of each Partnership’s portfolio and each Partnership’s investment concentration parameters (including, without limitation, parameters such as geography, industry, issuer, volatility, leverage or other similar risk metrics) and the scope of a Partnership’s investment mandate including whether mandates are identified as primary or secondary, and whether the mandate is limited or otherwise restricted to specific types of investments/assets;
The suitability as a follow-on investment for a current portfolio company of a Partnership or to upsize an existing investment;
Timing expected necessary to execute an investment;
The amount and use of leverage, if any, in the proposed capital structure;
The availability of other suitable investments for each Partnership;
Risk considerations;
Cash flow considerations;
The likelihood of current income;
The centrality of an investment to a Partnership’s strategy;
Asset class restrictions;
The seniority of an investment and other capital structuring criteria;
Industry and other allocation targets;
Tax and accounting implications;
Whether an investment opportunity requires additional consents or authorizations from the Partnership, investors or Third Parties;
Whether the investment opportunity would create a conflict of interest with respect to a Partnership, Gores or its affiliates;
Legal, contractual or regulatory constraints; and
Any other relevant limitations imposed by or conditions set forth in the Governing Documents of each Partnership.
The application of the Investment Allocation Requirements and factors set forth above will often result in allocation on a non-pro rata basis and there can be no assurance that a Partnership will participate in all investment opportunities that fall within its investment objectives. Gores makes allocation determinations based solely on Gores’ expectations at the time such investments or dispositions are made, however investments and their characteristics may change and there can be no assurance that an investment or disposition may prove to have been more suitable for another Partnership in hindsight. In some cases, Gores’ observation and application of the Investment Allocation Requirements may affect adversely the price paid or received by a Partnership, or the size of the position purchased or sold by the Partnership.
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