Arthur Pue Gorman
Photo: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons9

Arthur Pue Gorman

American politician and baseball player (1839–1906)

Arthur Pue Gorman (March 11, 1839 – June 4, 1906) was an American politician. He was leader of the Gorman-Rasin organization with Isaac Freeman Rasin that controlled the Maryland Democratic Party from the late 1870s until his death in 1906.2

From Wikipedia’s article on Arthur Pue Gorman (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.

Born Mar 11, 1839, died Jun 4, 1906.1

About

Gorman served as United States Senator from Maryland from 1881 to 1899 and again from 1903 until his death. He was a prominent leader of the Bourbon Democrat faction of the Democratic Party. Gorman was Chairman of the Democratic National Committee during Grover Cleveland's 1884 presidential campaign and he is widely credited with securing Cleveland's victory. In 1952 Gorman was described in The Baltimore Sun as "easily the most powerful political figure [Maryland] has ever known."

As a young man, Gorman also played a prominent role in the early development of baseball in Washington, D.C. He was a founding member of the original Washington Nationals of the National Association, the first American baseball team, and became one of the nation's star players by 1864. Later in life, he served as a member of the Mills Commission which investigated the origins of the sport.

From Wikipedia’s article on Arthur Pue Gorman, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.2

Early life and education

Gorman was born in Woodstock, Maryland on March 11, 1839. His father was Peter Gorman, a construction contractor, and his mother was Elizabeth A. Gorman (née Brown). Arthur was named after the family physician, Dr. Arthur Pue. He was the first of five children, including William.

Gorman's paternal grandfather, John, emigrated to the U.S. from Ireland circa 1794, first settling in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania before moving to the Baltimore area.

The Gorman family moved to Howard County, Maryland around 1845, where Peter Gorman bought a 150-acre (61 ha) farm several miles from Laurel. Gorman attended Howard County public schools and for at least one year his father hired a tutor to teach him and neighboring students.

In 1850, Peter Gorman used his connections to Maryland Congressmen William T. Hamilton and Edward Hammond to arrange for 11-year old Arthur to serve as a U.S. Senate page. Gorman became friends with prominent Illinois Senator Stephen A. Douglas, who made Gorman his private secretary. Some sources state that Gorman accompanied Douglas during his debates with Abraham Lincoln in 1858, although biographer John R. Lambert questions these accounts. Gorman continued to work for the senate throughout the 1850s and 1860s, including positions as messenger, assistant doorkeeper, and assistant postmaster. In 1866, he was appointed Postmaster. Gorman's experience in the Senate gave him extensive knowledge of parliamentary procedures that he would put to use during his political career.

During the American Civil War, Gorman was a pro-Union Democrat. In September 1866, Republicans who held the senate majority removed him as postmaster because he supported President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction policies. Johnson immediately appointed Gorman as Collector of Internal Revenue for the Fifth Congressional District of Maryland.

From Wikipedia’s article on Arthur Pue Gorman (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.

Career

Occupation: baseball player, politician.5

  • 1905 to 1906United States senator4
  • 1903 to 1905United States senator4
  • 1897 to 1899United States senator4
  • 1895 to 1897United States senator4
  • 1893 to 1895United States senator4
  • 1891 to 1893United States senator4
  • 1889 to 1891United States senator4
  • 1887 to 1889United States senator4
  • 1885 to 1887United States senator4
  • 1883 to 1885United States senator4
  • 1881 to 1883United States senator4
  • Date not recordedFounded Piedmont Mining Company3
  • Date not recordedMember of the State Senate of Maryland4
  • Date not recordedMember of the Maryland House of Delegates4

Personal life

  • BornMar 11, 1839, Woodstock6
  • DiedJun 4, 1906, Washington, D.C.7
  • CitizenshipUnited States8

Gorman married a widow, Hannah T. "Hattie" Donagan, on March 28, 1867. She was born c. 1836 in Reading, Pennsylvania, the daughter of George P. Donagan, and her first marriage c. 1853 was to Alexander Jordan Swartz, who was a mayor of Reading for a term before later working in Washington, D.C. and dying c. 1864. T. Leigh Marriott, a nephew via Gorman's sister Mary, married a Swartz daughter and was a state delegate.

Gorman served as a director and eventually president of the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal Company; the canal ran along the north shore of the Potomac River from Georgetown above Washington, D.C., to Cumberland, Maryland.

The Gormans had five daughters and one son: Ada, Haddie, Grace, Anne Elizabeth ("Bessie"), Mary and Arthur P. Jr. In 1890, Gorman's wife and daughter Grace escaped a fire at their Laurel house "Fairview"; a new Queen Anne style house was built in its place the following year.

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Haddie Gorman Gambrill

Gorman's eldest daughter, Haddie, married Stephen Warfield Gambrill in 1900. Her husband later served as a Maryland state delegate, state senator, and U.S. representative.

Ada Gorman

Gorman's daughter Ada married Charles Joseph Magness, a young man about half her age, against her family's wishes in 1908. Magness was soon thereafter imprisoned for desertion from the U.S. Navy. Upon his release a year later, the couple lived in Washington, D.C., and then the Baltimore suburb of Lutherville.

When her mother died in 1910, Ada was cut off from her share of the Gorman family estate. The marriage lasted a total of 14 years before Ada divorced in 1922 due to her husband's infidelity. She died childless and with few friends in the spring of 1950.

Grace "Daisy" Gorman Johnson

Gorman's daughter Grace (better known as Daisy) married Richard Alward Johnson, the first manager of the Laurel race track and later a Maryland state senator, in 1895. They had two children, Richard Jr. and Grace. They lived at the historic Overlook farmhouse in North Laurel, which was built for Daisy on the family property in 1911. (This home was later owned from 1952 to 2018 by diplomat and businessman Kingdon Gould Jr., who raised his family and died there.) The town of Daisy in Howard County, Maryland, is named in Gorman's daughter's honor. Her son, Richard Jr., raised and trained horses, and her daughter, Grace Johnson, later married Braxton Bragg Comer Jr., son of former Alabama governor B. B. Comer.

Arthur Gorman Jr.

Gorman's only son, Arthur Jr., attended Lawrenceville Prep and played on the Maryland Agricultural College football team in 1892 and 1893 as a fullback. In 1898, Arthur Jr. founded the Piedmont Mining Company in Maryland and West Virginia with his uncle William and Thomas L. Marriott. He married Grace Norris on November 28, 1900. Arthur Jr. served as a Maryland state senator (1904–1910), the last year during which he was Senate President.

Arthur Jr. was nominated for Governor of Maryland in 1911, but narrowly lost to Republican Phillips Lee Goldsborough. He was later a state tax commissioner, until his death in 1919 due to complications from diabetes.

Bessie Gorman Lambert

Gorman's daughter Bessie married Princeton graduate and Democratic speechwriter Wilton J. Lambert on June 24, 1896, at the Gormans' Washington home on the corner of 15th and K Streets. They had two children, Elizabeth (b. 1897) and Arthur. An attorney, Lambert helped Bessie's father attempt to buy the Washington Senators baseball team in February 1903. Bessie's son, Arthur Gorman Lambert (1899–1991), was a member of Princeton's class of 1922, also practiced law, and founded Suburban Hospital in Bethesda, Maryland; he unveiled a donated portrait of his grandfather, Arthur Pue Gorman, at the Capitol in 1943.

Mary Gorman Hills

Gorman's youngest daughter, Mary, married Ralph Warren Hills on February 27, 1901. Their son, Ralph Gorman Hills, won a bronze medal for shot put at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He graduated from Princeton University, after which he earned an M.D. degree from Johns Hopkins University and became a doctor; his first son, J. Dixon Hills, also chose to become a physician.

Gorman's great-grandson, Ralph Warren Hills Jr., was a WBAL television producer in Baltimore.

From Wikipedia’s article on Arthur Pue Gorman (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.

Politics

Gorman was elected to the Maryland House of Delegates in 1869, serving until 1875; he served as Speaker of the House for one session.

Gorman was closely aligned with Baltimore political leader Isaac Freeman Rasin and supported William Pinkney Whyte for Governor in 1871. Whyte, in turn, gave Gorman a position as director of the C&O Canal.

In 1875, he was elected to the Maryland State Senate, serving until 1881.

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Racial politics

In 1889, Gorman sought to differentiate his party from a growing mixed-race coalition of Republicans and independent Democrats. He was quoted as saying, "We have determined that this government was made by white men and shall be ruled by white men as long as the republic lasts."

In his final years, according to the Maryland State Archives' biography, Gorman "spearheaded an attempt by Democrats to disenfranchise black voters in Maryland, who tended to vote Republican." Related legislation passed easily in the Democratically controlled Senate of early 1904, though Governor Warfield did not sign the bill into law, and it was rejected by voters in late 1905.

From Wikipedia’s article on Arthur Pue Gorman (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.