
Bayezid II
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512
Bayezid II (Ottoman Turkish: بايزيد ثانى, romanized: Bāyezīd-i s̱ānī; Turkish: II. Bayezid; 3 December 1447/1448 – 26 May 1512) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512. During his reign, Bayezid consolidated the Ottoman Empire, thwarted a pro-Safavid rebellion and finally abdicated his throne to his son, Selim I. Bayezid evacuated Sephardi Jews from Spain following the fall of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada and the proclamation of the Alhambra Decree and resettled them throughout Ottoman lands, especially in Salonica.2
From Wikipedia’s article on Bayezid II (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.
Born Dec 12, 1447, died Jun 5, 1512.1
Companies
- Galatasaray UniversityFounder11
Early life and education
Bayezid was born in Demotika on 3 December 1447/1448 as the first son of Şehzade Mehmed (future Mehmed II) and his concubine Gülbahar Hatun. In 1451, his grandfather Murad II died and his father ascended the throne again.
From Wikipedia’s article on Bayezid II (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.
Career
Occupation: monarch, sultan.8
Personal life
Consorts
Bayezid had ten known consorts:
Şirin Hatun, Başkadin, mother of Şehzade Abdullah, Bayezid's eldest son;
Hüsnüşah Hatun, daughter of Nasuh Bey of Karaman and mother of Şehzade Şehinşah
Bülbül Hatun, mother of Şehzade Ahmed, Bayezid's favorite son;
Nigar Hatun, mother of Şehzade Korkut, regent of the Ottoman Empire;
Gülruh Hatun; mother of Şehzade Alemşah
Muhtereme Ferahşad Hatun; mother of Şehzade Mehmed
Ayşe Gülbahar Hatun, the mother of Sultan Selim I, is said to have had one of two possible origins. The most widely accepted view is that she was the daughter of Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey of the Dulkadirid dynasty. A less widely accepted theory suggests that she was a concubine.
Gülfem Hatun;
Mühürnaz Hatun.
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Sons
Bayezid had at least eight sons:
Şehzade Abdullah (c. 1465 – 6 November 1483) – son of Şirin Hatun. He was governor of Manisa, Trebizond and Konya. He died of unknown causes and was buried in Bursa. He married his cousin, Nergisşah (or Nergiszade) Ferahşad Sultan, daughter of Şehzade Mustafa, and had with her a son and two daughters.
Şehzade Ahmed (c. 1466 – 24 March 1513) – son of Bülbül Hatun. Bayezid's favorite son, he was executed by his half-brother Selim I, who became sultan. He had at least seven concubines, seven sons and four daughters.
Şehzade Korkut (Amasya, 1469 –Manisa, 10 March 1513) – son of Nigar Hatun. Rival of Selim I for the throne, he was first exiled by him and then executed. He had two children who died as infants and two daughters.
Şehzade Şehinşah (c.1470 – 2 July 1511, buried in his half-brother Ahmed's mausoleum) - with Hüsnüşah Hatun. He was governor of Manisa and Karaman. He had a known consort, Mükrime Hatun (buried in her own mausoleum in Muradiye Complex, Bursa), five sons and a daughter.
Selim I (Amasya, 10 October 1470 – Çorlu, 22 September 1520) – son with Gülbahar Hatun, he dethroned his father and became Sultan
Şehzade Mahmud (1475 – 4 November 1507) – unknown motherhood, full-brother of Gevhermülük Sultan. He was governor of Kastamonu and Manisa. He had three sons and two daughters:
Şehzade Musa (1490–1512, executed by Selim I).
Şehzade Orhan (1494–1512, executed by Selim I).
Şehzade Emirhan Süleyman (?–1512, executed by Selim I).
Ayşe Hundi Sultan (1495–fl. 1556), married in 1508 to Ferruh Bey with whom she had a daughter:
Mihrihan Hanımsultan
Hançerli Zeynep Hanzade Fatma Sultan (1496–April 1533). It is believed that she may have educated the future Hürrem Sultan before she was introduced to Suleiman the Magnificent via Hafsa Sultan or Pargali Ibrahim). She married in 1508 to Mehmed Bey with whom she had two sons:
Sultanzade Kasim Bey (1511–1531)
Sultanzade Mahmud Bey
Şehzade Alemşah (1477–1502) – son of Gülruh Hatun. Governor of Mentese and Manisa. He died of liver cirrhosis due to the unruly life he led. He had a son and two daughters:
Şehzade Osman Şah (1492–1512, executed by Selim I)
Ayşe Sultan, married in 1521 to his cousin Sultanzade Mehmed Çelebi, son of Sofu Fatma Sultan
Fatma Sultan (1493–1522), buried in the Gülruh's mausoleum, Bursa.
Şehzade Mehmed (1484 – December 1504) – son of Ferahşad Hatun. Governor of Kefe. He married Ayşe Hatun, a princess of the Giray Khanate of Crimea. After his death, Ayşe married in 1511 his half-brother, Selim I. He had a daughter and two sons by unknown concubines:
Fatma Sultan (1500–1556)
Şehzade Alemşah
Şehzade Mehmed (1505, born posthumously – 1513, killed by Selim I).
Daughters
Bayezid II, once ascended to the throne, granted his daughters and granddaughters in the male line the title of "Sultan" and his granddaughters in the female line that of "Hanımsultan", which replaced the simple honorific "Hatun" in use until then. His grandsons in female line obtained instead the title of "Sultanzade". Bayezid's reform of female titles remains in effect today among the surviving members of the Ottoman dynasty.
Bayezid had at least sixteen daughters:
Aynışah Sultan (c. 1463 – c. 1514) – daughter of Şirin Hatun. She married twice, she had two daughters and a son. Like her half-sister Ilaldi Sultan, she sent a congratulatory letter to her half-brother Selim when he became sultan.
Hatice Sultan (c. 1463 – Bursa; 1500) – daughter of Bülbül Hatun. She married firstly in 1479 to Muderis Kara Mustafa Pasha and she was widowed in 1483, when her husband was executed on charges of supporting Şehzade Cem's claim to the throne against Bayezid. Hatice remarried the following year to Faik Pasha (d. 1499). She died in 1500 and was buried in her mausoleum, built by her son, in Bursa. Hatice built a mosque, school and fountain in Edirnekapi, Constantinople. She had two sons and two daughters:
Sultanzade Ahmed Bey – with Mustafa Pasha. Governor of Bursa. He built a mausoleum in memory of his mother
Hanzade Hanımsultan – with Mustafa Pasha
Sultanzade Mehmed Çelebi – with Faik Pasha
Ayşe Hanımsultan – with Faik Pasha.
Hundi Sultan (c. 1464 – 1511) – daughter of Bülbül Hatun. In 1481 she married Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha and had two sons and four daughters:
Sultanzade Musa Bey
Sultanzade Mustafa Bey
Kamerşah Hanımsultan
Hümaşah Hanımsultan
Aynışah Hanımsultan
Mahdümzade Hanımsultan
Ayşe Sultan (c. 1465 – 1515) – daughter of Nigar Hatun. She was married once and she had two sons and five daughters.
Hümaşah Sultan (c. 1466 – before 1511). Also called Hüma Sultan, she married firstly in 1482 to Bali Pasha (d. 1495), governor of Antalya. She had a son and four daughters:
Sultanzade Hüseyin Şah Bey (d. 1566)
Hani Hanımsultan
Hüma Hanımsultan
Ümmi Hanımsultan, buried in Gebze beside her father
Şahzeman Hanımsultan
Ilaldi Sultan (c. 1469 – c. 1517). She married Hain Ahmed Pasha (ex. 1524), governor of Rumelia, Egypt and Second Vizier. She sent a congratulatory letter to her brother Selim when he ascended the throne. She had a son and a daughter:
Sultanzade Koçî Bey; who married his cousin Hanzade Hanımsultan (daughter of Selçuk Sultan, daughter of Bayezid II) and had a son:
Ahmed Çelebi
Şahzade Aynişah Hanımsultan (? – fl. 1570); who married Abdüsselâm Çelebi. They had a daughter:
Ümmîhan Hanım
Gevherimüluk Sultan (c. 1467 – 20 January 1550) – unknown motherhood, full-sister of Şehzade Mahmud. Married once, she had a son and a daughter.
Sofu Fatma Sultan, (c. 1468 – after 1520, buried in her half-brother Ahmed's mausoleum) – daughter of Nigar Hatun. She was married firstly in 1479 to Isfendiyaroglu Mirza Mehmed Pasha (son of Kızıl Ahmed Bey), divorced in 1488 (after he remarried with Şahnisa Sultan, niece of Fatma); secondly in 1489 to Mustafa Pasha (son of Koca Davud Pasha), widowed in 1503; thirdly in 1504 to Güzelce Hasan Bey. She had three sons and a daughter:
Sultanzade Isfendiyaroglu Mehmed Pasha – with Isfendiyaroglu Mirza Mehmed Pasha. He married his cousin Gevherhan Sultan, daughter of Selim I.
Sultanzade Haci Ahmed Çelebi – with Güzelce Hasan Bey.
Sultanzade Mehmed Çelebi – with Güzelce Hasan Bey. In 1521 he married his cousin Ayşe Sultan (daughter of Şehzade Alemşah)
Fülane Hanımsultan – with Güzelce Hasan Bey. She married her cousin Ahmed Bey, son Ali Bey and Fatma Hanımsultan (daughter of Ayşe Sultan).
Selçuk Sultan (c. 1469 – 1508). Called also Selçukşah Sultan. She was married firstly in 1484 to Ferhad Bey (d. 1485) with whom she had a son and a daughter. Selçuk Sultan remarried Mehmed Bey in 1487 and had three daughters with him.
Sultanzade Gazi Husrev Bey (1484 – 18 June 1541) – with Ferhad Bey
Neslişah Hanımsultan (c. 1486 – c. 1550) – with Ferhad Bey. She married Halil Pasha (executed 1540).
Hanzade Hanımsultan – with Mehmed Bey. She married his cousin Sultanzade Koçi Bey, son of Ilaldi Sultan and had a son:
Ahmed Çelebi
Hatice Hanımsultan – with Mehmed Bey; who married a son of Halil Pasha in 1510 and had a daughter:
Hanzade Hanım
Aslıhan Hanımsultan (c. 1487 – fl. 1529) – with Mehmed Bey; who married Yunus Pasha in 1502 (ex. 1517). She was remarried in 1518 to Defterdar Mehmed Çelebi, who was governor of Egypt and later of Damascus. From the second marriage, she had a daughter but died in childbirth because her age:
Selçuk Hanım (born on 21 February 1529)
Sultanzade Sultan (ante 1470 – ?) – daughter of Hüsnüşah Hatun.
Şah Sultan, (c. 1474 – fl. 1506). Also called Şahzade Şah Sultan. She was very charitable and built a mosque in 1506. She was buried in Bursa in the mausoleum of her half-sister Hatice Sultan. She married Nasuh Bey in 1490 and had a daughter:
Ismihan Hanımsultan
Kamerşah Sultan (c. 1476 – January 1520, buried in her mother's mausoleum) – with Gülruh Hatun. Also called Kamer Sultan. She married Koca Mustafa Pasha in 1491 and widowed in 1512. After, she married Nişancı Kara Davud Pasha. She had a daughter and a son:
Hundi Hanımsultan – with Koca Mustafa Pasha. She married Mesih Bey.
Sultanzade Osman Bey – with Koca Mustafa Pasha. Buried in the Gülruh's mausoleum.
Şahzade Sultan (died in 1520). She married Yahya Pasha and had three sons:
Sultanzade Yahyapaşazade Gazi Küçük Bali Pasha (? – 1543), in 1508 he married his cousin Devletşah Hanzade Hanimsultan, daughter of Aynişah Sultan.
Sultanzade Gazi Koca Mehmed Pasha (? – March 1548).
Sultanzade Gazi Ahmed Bey (? – after 1543).
Fülane Sultan. She was married in 1489 to Koca Davud Pasha (d. 1498) and had a son:
Sultanzade Mehmed Bey, who married his cousin Fatma Sultan, daughter of Şehzade Ahmed.
Fülane Sultan. She was married in 1498 to Gazi Yakub Pasha (d. 1502), remarried in 1504 to Mesih Bey.
Fülane Sultan. She was married to Karlizade Mehmed Bey.
From Wikipedia’s article on Bayezid II (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.
Links
Sources
The numbers on this page point here. Each one links to the record it came from.
- 1WikidataBayezid II on Wikidata
- 2WikipediaBayezid II on Wikipedia
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- 11WikidataGalatasaray University, Founder
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