Richard Pratt

Ryszard Przecicki was born in the Free City of Danzig (present-day Gdańsk, Poland) to Jewish parents Leon and Paula on 10 December 1934. His family emigrated to Australia in 1938, seeking safe refuge from the Nazis, and settled in Shepparton, Victoria, changing their surname from Przecicki to Pratt. Pratt had a rough journey travelling to Australia without getting caught by the Nazis. The family faced food shortages en route. Pratt was educated at Grahamvale Primary School, Shepparton High School, and University High School, and he enrolled in a Bachelor of Commerce degree at the University of Melbourne in 1953. He played Australian rules football as a ruckman. After starting his career at Lemnos (now the Shepparton Swans), Pratt played for Carlton in the Victorian Football League's (VFL) under-19s competition. He was awarded the Morrish Medal in 1953 for being deemed the "best and fairest" U-19 player that year. Pratt did not continue his footballing career to senior VFL level, instead focusing on other interests.

Pratt combined study with acting with the Union Theatre Repertory Company and working as salesman for the family business, Visy Board. After touring London and New York in 1957 with a production of Ray Lawler's Summer of the Seventeenth Doll, playing the role of Johnnie Dowd, he returned to Melbourne and Visy. He also appeared on television.

Business career

Following the death of his father Leon in February 1969, Pratt took over his father's business at Visy Industries, which at that time had several hundred employees and an annual turnover of A$5 million. Under Pratt's direction, Visy expanded from two factories in Melbourne to more than 55 plants across Australia, United States, New Zealand, and Papua New Guinea. From cardboard boxes and packaging, Visy moved into waste paper recycling. Later in the 1990s, Pratt expanded his operations considerably into the New York waste paper business.

In 1993, the National Crime Authority (NCA) raided Pratt's offices in connection with an investigation into businessman John Elliott's foreign exchange dealings and Elliott's spoiling domestic stake in BHP while Elliott's company, Elders IXL, was insolvent. The following year, NCA paid costs and returned documents seized.

Also in the 1990s, Visy was ordered by the Australian Competition & Consumer Commission (ACCC) to pay a half-million-dollar fine for illegal anti-competitive behaviour.

In 1959, Pratt married Jeanne (née Lasker), a journalist, who was also a Jewish immigrant from Poland, born in the town of Łowicz in 1936, and before their marriage lived in Sydney. After the success of Visy Industries, they enjoyed a lavish lifestyle, with a private jet and a range of apartments, including a penthouse at the Sherry-Netherland Hotel in New York City; their main home was the historic mansion Raheen, in the Melbourne suburb of Kew, the former residence of Roman Catholic Archbishop Daniel Mannix. The Pratts have had three children, Anthony, Heloise Waislitz, who was married to businessman and Collingwood Football club Vice President Alex Waislitz, and Fiona Geminder.

Another daughter, Paula, was born in 1997 to his longtime mistress, socialite Shari-Lea Hitchcock. In 2000, this affair became the subject of widespread media attention owing to a court case involving Ms Hitchcock and a nanny hired to look after her daughter. At the time, Pratt was accused of trying to pay hush money to the nanny who had launched legal action against Ms Hitchcock.

Pratt was the godfather of Deborah Beale, who is the former wife of Bill Shorten and daughter of Julian Beale.

After a well-publicised battle with prostate cancer, Pratt died at his Kew residence on 28 April 2009, the day after all charges against him had been dropped due to his ill health.

Pratt donated A$10 million every year through the Pratt Foundation to refugees, artists and others. The Foundation was established in 1978 by Jeanne and Richard Pratt as a vehicle for their philanthropy. During the 1980s and 1990s, the Pratts became known in Australia for funding the arts, medical research and higher education. Since then, the Pratt family has donated about A$200 million to worthy causes. Jeanne also set up The Production Company, which produced musicals in Melbourne from 1999–2020.

In December 2005, the ACCC commenced a civil penalty proceeding against Visy companies, Pratt, and others, for alleged involvement in a cartel in the packaging industry.

On 10 October 2007, Pratt was formally accused of price fixing, cheating customers and companies out of approximately A$700 million in the nation's biggest-ever cartel case.

The ACCC alleged "very serious contraventions" of the law and that these had been "carefully and deliberately concealed" by Visy senior executives. The ACCC counsel further stated:"There can be no suggestion that Visy acted in ignorance of its obligations under the act"

and further added that the deliberate use of pre-paid mobile phones that could not be traced and the holding of meetings in private homes, motel rooms and suburban parks

"...provides a strong indication that Visy was fully aware that the conduct was illegal".

After more than a year of denials, Pratt subsequently admitted his guilt, acknowledging he and his company, and "rival" company Amcor, deliberately broke the law. Pratt was aggrieved by the criminal prosecution and its effect on his reputation, stating:

"I feel very angry—Visy is seen as Richard Pratt's company—there is a certain amount of character assassination for me personally because I am a tall poppy in the community; it's a big scalp (for the ACCC). My reputation is something I have been building for 50 years and so I am worried that the general public will now see me as a rich person who has made his money doing something that is wrong in the eyes of the law."

On 2 November 2007, Pratt and the Visy group received a $36 million fine, representing both the largest fine in Australian history and an estimated 0.75% of the Pratt fortune. Federal Court of Australia judge Justice Heerey said Pratt and his senior executives were knowingly concerned in the cartel, which involved price fixing and market sharing. "This is the worst cartel to come before the courts in 30-plus years", Justice Heerey said. Additionally, customers of Visy initiated claims against Visy and Amcor, including a $120 million suit by Cadbury Schweppes against Amcor.