
William A. Clark
American mining magnate and politician (1839–1925)
William Andrews Clark Sr. (January 8, 1839 – March 2, 1925) was an American mining magnate, entrepreneur and politician who was known as one of Montana's Copper Kings alongside Marcus Daly, and F. Augustus Heinze.2
From Wikipedia’s article on William A. Clark (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.
Born Jan 8, 1839, died Mar 2, 1925.1
About
He was a U.S. Senator from Montana from 1901 to 1907.
From Wikipedia’s article on William A. Clark, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.2
Companies
- Los Angeles and Salt Lake RailroadFounder14
- UVX MiningFounder15
Early life and education
- Date not recordedIowa Wesleyan University3
Career
Occupation: banker, Major, entrepreneur, art collector, teacher, politician.8
- 1905 to 1907United States senator7
- 1903 to 1905United States senator7
- 1901 to 1903United States senator7
- 1899 to 1900United States senator7
- Date not recordedFounded Los Angeles and Salt Lake Railroad4
- Date not recordedFounded Corcoran Collection (William A. Clark Collection)5
- Date not recordedFounded UVX Mining6
- Date not recordedSenator7
Known for: Mary Andrews Clark Memorial Home, Corcoran Gallery of Art.9
Personal life
- BornJan 8, 1839, Connellsville10
- DiedMar 2, 1925, New York City11
- CitizenshipUnited States12
- SpouseAnna Eugenia LaChapelle13
Clark was married twice. His first marriage was to Katherine Louise "Kate" Stauffer whom he knew from Connellsville in 1869, they were married until her death in 1893. Together, they had seven children:
Mary Joaquina Clark (1870–1939)
Charles Walker "Charlie" Clark (1871–1933)
Infant Clark (1874–1874)
Jessie Clark (1875–1878)
Katherine Stauffer Clarks (1875–1974)
William Andrews Clark Jr. (1877–1934)
Francis Paul Clark (1880–1896)
After Kate's death in 1893, William married his second wife, the woman who had been one of many teenage wards of Clark, Anna Eugenia LaChapelle (March 10, 1878, Michigan – October 11, 1963, New York). They claimed to have been married in 1901 in France. Anna was 23 and William was 62. They had two children:
Louise Amelia Andrée Clark (August 13, 1902, Spain – August 6, 1919, Rangeley, Maine)
Huguette Marcelle Clark (June 9, 1906, Paris, France – May 24, 2011, New York City)
In early 1946, Anna commissioned the Paganini Quartet, and acquired the four famous Stradivarius instruments once owned by Niccolo Paganini for their use.
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Mary Joaquina Clark de Brabant
Clark's firstborn child was born in Helena, Montana in 1870. She married Dr. Everett Mallory Culver in 1891 in New York City, Charles Potter Kling in 1905 in New York City, and Marius de Brabant in 1925 in Los Angeles. Her first marriage produced her only child who survived to adulthood, Katherine Calder Culver. Mary had a mansion estate called "Plaisance" next to William Kissam Vanderbilt II's at Centerport Long Island, a New York City townhouse on 51st Street, and other estates throughout the country. She loved theatrics and music, and was the life of many parties, debutantes, and soirees that she hosted or attended as a prime socialite. Mary was philanthropically minded and among many hundreds of causes, she provided major gifts and endowments to many churches (including St. Thomas in New York City, St. John's Episcopal in Butte, and St. Thomas Episcopal in Clarkdale, Arizona), musical gifts to Carnegie Hall, the Emerald-Hodgson Hospital in Tennessee, the New York Diet Kitchen Association, the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Berry College in Georgia, and the Women's Committee for the Repeal of the 18th Amendment. She died in 1939.
Charles W. Clark
Clark's firstborn son was born in Deer Lodge, Montana in 1871. He graduated from Yale University in 1893. He married Katherine Quinn Roberts in 1896, Celia Tobin (heiress of Tobin banking concerns) in 1904, and Elizabeth Wymond Judge in 1925. He had four children in his marriage with Celia Tobin, three daughters and a son. He was known mostly as "Charlie" and served in many substantial capacities for his father's business, political, and personal affairs in Arizona, California, and Montana. Like his younger brother though to a lesser extent, he collected rare books and manuscripts. He was quite prone to both heavy drinking and gambling. Like all his siblings, Charlie held many estates, including what would become known as the Clark Chateau in Butte; Charlie's "El Palomar" estate in California, with polo fields and race tracks; an Italianate mansion on Pebble Beach; New York City apartments; and other substantial properties.
Katherine Louise Clark Morris
Clark's second daughter was born in Helena in 1875. She married Dr. Lewis Rutherfurd Morris in 1900. He was the great-great-grandson of Lewis Morris. They had one child, Katherine Elizabeth Morris, who would marry John Hudson Hall. Catherine and Dr. Morris had a large apartment in New York City, the extensive Morris Manor Farm estate in upstate New York, and a South Carolina Plantation among other property holdings throughout the country. Much like her half-sister Huguette, she tended toward being reclusive particularly after her husband died in 1936. Catherine died at the age of 99, in 1974.
William Andrews Clark Jr.
Junior was born in Deer Lodge in 1877. He studied at University of Virginia and earned a degree in law. He was closely associated with Clark's major business interests in Butte and Arizona. In addition to being a primary funder for the Hollywood Bowl, Junior was founder of the Los Angeles Philharmonic in 1919 and its largest donor for many years. He left his library of rare books and manuscripts to the regents of the University of California, Los Angeles. Today, the William Andrews Clark Memorial Library specializes in English literature and history from 1641 to 1800, materials related to Oscar Wilde and his associates, and fine printing. Clark also provided buildings to the University of Virginia Law School Clark Hall (University of Virginia) and University of Nevada Reno. He had mansions and stables in Butte, Montana, a large cabin retreat property on Salmon Lake in Montana, and his largest mansion and mausoleum in Los Angeles. His Los Angeles property spanned more than a city block and included the exquisite library building, a large observatory building, elaborate guest housing, and manicured lawns and gardens.
Huguette Clark
Huguette (pronounced oo-GETT), born in Paris, France, in June 1906, was the youngest child of Clark with his second wife, Anna Eugenia LaChapelle. She married once, but divorced less than a year later. She led a reclusive life thereafter, seldom communicating with the public nor with her extended family. For many years, she lived in three combined apartments, with a total of 42 rooms, on New York's Fifth Avenue at 72nd Street, overlooking Central Park. In 1991, she moved out and for the remainder of her life lived in various New York City hospitals.
In February 2010, she became the subject of a series of reports on NBC News after it was reported that the caretakers of her three residences (including a $24 million estate in Connecticut, a sprawling seaside estate in Santa Barbara, California and her Fifth Avenue apartments valued at $100 million) had not seen her in decades. These articles were the basis for the 2013 bestselling book Empty Mansions: The Mysterious Life of Huguette Clark and the Spending of a Great American Fortune. by investigative reporter Bill Dedman and Paul Clark Newell, Jr.
Her final residence was a relatively small hospital room at Beth Israel Medical Center, where she died on the morning of May 24, 2011, age 104. Huguette's extraordinary collection of arts and antiquities were consigned to go on the auction block at Christie's in June 2014, over three years after her death.
J. Ross Clark
The youngest brother of Clark, James Ross Clark was an instrumental figure in Clark's empire, particularly in California and Las Vegas but also in Butte and Arizona. J. Ross married Miriam Augusta Evans, who was the younger sister of Clark's rival Marcus Daly's wife. J. Ross had a minor mansion in Butte and a mansion on West Adams in Los Angeles. He was President of the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce and held many smaller governmental posts.
Joseph Kithcart Clark
Joseph was Clark's nearest brother in age and was born in 1842. He helped Clark with stores and mail operations, as well as various mining operations. He was elected to the first legislative session of the State of Montana and served honorably. Joseph had a mansion in Portland.
Walter Clark
Clark's nephew, Walter Miller Clark, son of James Ross and Miriam Augusta (Evans) Clark, along with Walter's wife, Virginia (McDowell) Clark, were passengers on the RMS Titanic. They were on their honeymoon. He was among the 1,514 who died on April 15, 1912, after the ship struck an iceberg at 2:20 a.m. Walter's wife, Virginia, was rescued by the RMS Carpathia, and arrived in New York City a widow.
Some of Clark's personal items were retrieved in the debris field during an expedition to the site of the sinking in 1994. They were identified by engraved initials. They included shaving soap, toiletry items, cuff links, and gambling chips.
From Wikipedia’s article on William A. Clark (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.
Politics
Clark was twice named president of Montana Constitutional Conventions, in 1884 and 1889. He yearned to be a statesman, and used his newspaper, the Butte Miner, to push his political ambitions. At this time, Butte was one of the largest cities in the West. He gained popularity in Helena, Montana, by campaigning for its selection as the state capital instead of Anaconda. This battle for the placement of the capital had subtle Irish vs. English, Catholic vs. Protestant, and non-Masonic vs. Masonic elements.
Clark's longstanding dream of becoming a United States senator resulted in scandal in 1899 when it was revealed that he had bribed members of the Montana State Legislature in return for their votes. At the time, U.S. senators were chosen by their respective state legislatures. The corruption of his election contributed to the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment. The U.S. Senate and a Republican Congress refused to seat Democrat Clark due to the 1899 bribery scheme. When Montana's governor left the state temporarily to transfer a mining claim in San Francisco, the lieutenant governor surreptitiously appointed Clark to fill the Senate vacancy, but on the governor's return, Clark's hoped-for appointment was fully quashed. A later senate campaign was successful, and he served a single term from 1901 to 1907. In responding to criticism of his bribery of the Montana legislature, Clark is widely reported to have said, "I never bought a man who wasn't for sale."
Clark died at the age of 86 in his New York City mansion. His estate at his death was estimated to be worth $300 million (equivalent to $4.26 billion in 2024), making him one of the wealthiest Americans ever.
In a 1907 essay, Mark Twain, who was a close friend and also benefactee of Clark's rival, Henry H. Rogers, an organizer of the Amalgamated Copper Mining Company, portrayed Clark as the very embodiment of Gilded Age excess and corruption:
He is as rotten a human being as can be found anywhere under the flag; he is a shame to the American nation, and no one has helped to send him to the Senate who did not know that his proper place was the penitentiary, with a ball and chain on his legs. To my mind he is the most disgusting creature that the republic has produced since Tweed's time.
Clark served a full term without much particular distinction, though he was active as a senator, particularly in issues that were important to his business, including land use and irrigation.
From Wikipedia’s article on William A. Clark (this version), CC BY-SA 4.0.
Links
Sources
The numbers on this page point here. Each one links to the record it came from.
- 1WikidataWilliam A. Clark on Wikidata
- 2WikipediaWilliam A. Clark on Wikipedia
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- 15WikidataUVX Mining, Founder
- 16Wikimedia CommonsWilliam A. Clark photo by Pirie MacDonald, Public domain