The story
Predecessor organisations
The history of the association's predecessor organisations dates back to the Association of Prussian Railways (Verband der Preußischen Eisenbahnen), founded in 1846, and the Association of German Tramway and Light Railway Administrations (Verein Deutscher Straßen- und Kleinbahnverwaltungen), founded in 1895. Their purpose was to promote cooperation and the exchange of experience between member companies and to represent their interests towards political authorities, industry and other modes of transport.
The association's headquarters were in Berlin until 1945. In 1928, the organisation was renamed the Association of German Transport Administrations (Verband Deutscher Verkehrsverwaltungen). From 1934, under Nazi Germany, it was incorporated into the transport organisations controlled by the Reich Ministry of Transport as part of the process of Gleichschaltung, largely depriving it of its independent influence.
After the Second World War
Following the collapse of Nazi Germany and the Allied occupation of Germany, the Association of Tramways and Other Public Passenger Transport Companies in the British Occupation Zone (Verein der Straßenbahnen und sonstigen öffentlichen Personenverkehrsunternehmen in der britischen Besatzungszone) was founded on 8 November 1946. Its members operated trams, trolleybuses and buses, and its headquarters were in Essen.
A corresponding Association of Tramways in the American Occupation Zone was founded in the American occupation zone in 1946. At the end of 1947, the two organisations combined their activities in the Working Group of Associations of Public Transport Companies (Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Vereinigungen öffentlicher Verkehrsbetriebe, AVV). Specialist committees resumed their work within the AVV.
The AVV succeeded in having public transport companies placed in priority category 1 (Dringlichkeitsstufe 1), improving their access to urgently needed materials during the early post-war reconstruction period. A reconstruction plan initiated by the AVV calculated that 1.25 million marks would be required to restore transport infrastructure operated by the public transport companies to its 1938 level.
The establishment of the Federal Republic of Germany in the three western occupation zones on 23 May 1949 created a more stable institutional framework. On 26 October 1949, the Association of Public Transport Companies (Verband öffentlicher Verkehrsbetriebe, VÖV) was established. Its office initially remained in Essen and moved to Cologne in 1959, where it also remained when the present VDV was created in 1991.
During German reunification, the West German VÖV, the Federal Association of German Railways, Motor Transport and Cableways (Bundesverband Deutscher Eisenbahnen, Kraftverkehre und Seilbahnen, BDE), and the VÖV of the former German Democratic Republic agreed to merge. The present-day VDV was formed at the beginning of 1991.
Standardisation of tram vehicles
Following the Second World War, there was an urgent need to replace damaged and destroyed vehicles used for urban passenger transport. Numerous surviving chassis of war-damaged tramcars were therefore fitted with standardised new bodies by Düsseldorfer Waggonfabrik (DUEWAG). Between 1948 and 1950, 355 motor cars and 248 trailers of the so-called Aufbauwagen type were produced.
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They were followed by completely new two- and three-axle tramcars with newly manufactured chassis. The Verbandswagen, designed according to plans developed by the tramcar working group of the German rolling-stock industry association and later associated with the VÖV, was produced by several manufacturers between 1951 and 1958. A total of 206 motor cars and 326 trailers were built.
Standardisation of buses
From the 1960s onwards, the VÖV promoted the standardisation of urban buses. This resulted in specifications for the first-generation Standard-Linienbus, which was manufactured in series by several bus manufacturers from 1968 until the mid-1980s.
In the early 1980s, specifications followed for the second-generation Standard-Linienbus II. The VÖV standard-bus programmes had a major influence on the design of German urban buses during this period.
Electronic ticketing
A more recent field of standardisation is electronic ticketing. The VDV-Kernapplikation was developed as an industry standard for interoperable electronic fare management in German public transport. It specifies data and security management and interfaces required for compatible e-ticket systems.
VDV eTicket Service, which emerged from the company originally established to develop the VDV-Kernapplikation, maintains and develops the standard and operates central services used by participating transport companies and transport associations.
From Wikipedia’s article on Association of German Transport Companies, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.5