Blue Origin

In July 2026, NASA and Blue Origin agreed to conduct second-stage hot-fire testing for New Glenn at NASA's B-2 test stand at the Stennis Space Center in Mississippi. The testing was intended to support development of New Glenn and future Artemis missions.

In August 2026, Blue Origin reported that its investigation into the May 28 anomaly had determined that the failure originated at the main oxygen valve on one of the New Glenn's BE-4 engines. The company said inspections and component-level testing had confirmed the finding and that modified valve hardware was being manufactured.

Blue Origin flights before 2025

In 2025, Blue Origin achieved orbital spaceflight with the maiden launch of New Glenn. Below is a list of all Blue Origin flights before 2025. For list of flights performed after 1 January 2025 see the articles of New Glenn and New Shepard where they are listed.

In the chart below, ♺ means "Flight Proven Booster".

New Glenn

New Glenn is a heavy-lift launch vehicle, first successfully launched in January 2025. The initial launch date had been set back by numerous delays. Named after NASA astronaut John Glenn, design work on the vehicle began in early 2012. Illustrations of the vehicle, and the high-level specifications, were initially publicly unveiled in September 2016. The full vehicle was first unveiled on a launch pad on February 21, 2024. The rocket has a diameter of 7 meters (23 ft), and its first stage is powered by seven BE-4 engines. The fairing is claimed to have twice the payload volume of "any commercial launch system" and to be the biggest payload fairing in the world.

Like the New Shepard, New Glenn's first stage is also designed to be reusable. In 2021, the company initiated conceptual design work on approaches to potentially make the second stage reusable as well, with the project codenamed "Project Jarvis".

In 2024, Blue Origin received funding from the USSF to assess New Glenn's ability to launch national security payloads. On January 16, 2025, Blue Origin achieved its first successful launch of New Glenn from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station's Launch Complex 36. The mission's primary objective was to deploy the Blue Ring Pathfinder test satellite, which was successfully placed into orbit.

NASA announced in February 2023 that it had selected the New Glenn heavy-lift launch vehicle for the launch of two Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers (ESCAPADE) spacecraft. The New Glenn heavy-lift launch vehicle launched ESCAPADE on November 13, 2025 with the ESCAPADE spacecraft entering Mars's orbit approximately one year after launch, and the first stage booster returning successfully.

Since 2016, Blue Origin has referred to a super heavy-lift launch vehicle successor to New Glenn named New Armstrong, although nothing is publicly known about its design.

Facilities

The company has facilities across the United States, which include five main locations and five field offices:

Kent, Washington (headquarters)

Van Horn, Texas

Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida

Huntsville, Alabama

Marshall Space Flight Center, Alabama

Arlington, Virginia

Denver, Colorado

Los Angeles, California

Phoenix, Arizona

Washington, D.C.

The company's headquarters is in Kent, Washington. Rocket development takes place at its headquarters. The company has continued to expand its Seattle-area offices and rocket production facilities since 2016, purchasing an adjacent 11,000 m2 (120,000 ft2)-building. In 2017, the company filed permits to build a new 21,900 m2 (236,000 ft2) warehouse complex and an additional 9,560 m2 (102,900 ft2) of office space. The company established a new headquarters and R&D facility, called the O'Neill Building on June 6, 2020.

Launch Site One

Corn Ranch, commonly referred to as Launch Site One (LSO) is the company's launch site 30 miles (48 km) north of Van Horn, Texas.

The site hosts the company's sub-orbital launch pad for its New Shepard rocket along with a landing pad. Additionally, LSO has a number of rocket engine test stands and engine test cells are to support the hydrolox, methalox and storable propellant engines. There are three test cells for the BE-3 and BE-4 engines. The test cells support full-thrust and full-duration burns, and one supports short-duration, high-pressure preburner tests.

Blue Engine

Engine production is located in Huntsville, Alabama, at a 600,000-square-foot (56,000 m2) facility called, "Blue Engine". The company's Web site states, "The world-class engine manufacturing facility in The Rocket City conduct[s] high rate production of the BE-4 and BE-3U engines.

The company is planning a third major expansion in Huntsville and the company purchased 14.83 acres (6 ha) adjacent to its already sprawling campus at the price of $1.427 million.

Orbital Launch Site (OLS)

The Orbital Launch Site (OLS) at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, develops rockets and conducts extensive testing. The company converted Launch Complex 36 (LC-36) to launch New Glenn into orbit at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. The facility was initially completed in 2020 and is being used for the construction of New Glenn prototypes, rocket testing, and designs.

The company facility is situated on 306 acres (124 ha) of land assembled from the former Launch complexes 11, 12, 36A and 36B. The land parcel used to build a rocket engine test stand for the BE-4 engine, a launch mount, called the Orbital Launch Site, (hence its name) and a reusable booster refurbishment facility for the New Glenn launch vehicle, which is expected to land on a drone ship and return to Port Canaveral for refurbishment. Manufacturing of "large elements, such as New Glenn's first and second stages as well as the payload fairings and other large components will be made nearby in Exploration Park, which is near the entrance to the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex on Merritt Island, Florida.

In addition to their Florida operations, they have also been leased the greenfield of Space Launch Complex 9 (SLC-9) at Vandenberg Space Force Base, where they plan to construct a New Glenn launch pad to give the launch vehicle polar orbit and Sun-synchronous orbit capabilities.

Space technology

NASA awarded $35 million to the company in 2023 for the company's work on lunar regolith to be used for solar powered systems on the moon. The company's website states that "Blue Alchemist is a proposed end-to-end, scalable, autonomous, and commercial solution that produces solar cells from lunar regolith, which is the dust and crushed rock abundant on the surface of the Moon. Based on a process called molten regolith electrolysis, the breakthrough would bootstrap unlimited electricity and power transmission cables anywhere on the surface of the Moon. This process also produces oxygen as a useful byproduct for propulsion and life support."

Gary Lai, chief architect of the New Shepard rocket said during the pathfinder awards at the Seattle Museum of Flight that [The company] "aims to be the first company that harvests natural resources from the Moon to use here on Earth". He also mentioned that the company is building a novel approach to extract outer space's vast resources.

Early test vehicles

Charon

The company's first flight test vehicle, called Charon after Pluto's moon, was powered by four vertically mounted Rolls-Royce Viper Mk. 301 jet engines rather than rockets. The low-altitude vehicle was developed to test autonomous guidance and control technologies, and the processes that the company would use to develop its later rockets. Charon made its only test flight at Moses Lake, Washington on March 5, 2005. It flew to an altitude of 96 m (316 ft) before returning for a controlled landing near the liftoff point. As of 2016, Charon is on display at the Museum of Flight in Seattle, Washington.

Goddard

The next test vehicle, named Goddard (also known as PM1), first flew on November 13, 2006. The flight was successful. A test flight for December 2 never launched. According to Federal Aviation Administration records, two further flights were performed by Goddard. Blue Engine 1, or BE-1, was the first rocket engine developed by the company and was used in the company's Goddard development vehicle.

PM2

Another early suborbital test vehicle, PM2, had two flight tests in 2011 in west Texas. The vehicle designation may be short for "Propulsion Module". The first flight was a short hop (low altitude, VTVL takeoff and landing mission) flown on May 6, 2011. The second flight, August 24, 2011, failed when ground personnel lost contact and control of the vehicle. The company released its analysis of the failure nine days later. As the vehicle reached a speed of Mach 1.2 and 14 km (46,000 ft) altitude, a "flight instability drove an angle of attack that triggered [the] range safety system to terminate thrust on the vehicle". The vehicle was lost. Blue Engine 2, or BE-2, was a pump-fed bipropellant engine burning kerosene and peroxide which produced 140 kN (31,000 lbf) of thrust. Five BE-2 engines powered the company's PM-2 development vehicle on two test flights in 2011.