FIRY on NYSE

Firy Inc.

Logo: Firy Inc., Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons5

Online mobile multiplayer video game platform

Skillz is an online mobile multiplayer video game competition platform that is integrated into a number of iOS and Android games. The Skillz platform helps developers create franchises by enabling social competition in their games. Skillz has over 14,000 game developers who launched a game integration on the platform.3 It was founded by Andrew Paradise.1 Its chief executive is Andrew Paradise.1 Its shares trade on NYSE under the symbol FIRY.1 Wikipedia text CC BY-SA 4.0

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Last updated Oct 21, 2026.

Overview

$104.5MRevenue, fiscal 20256
-$70.4MNet income, fiscal 20256
Apr 1, 2012Founded1

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  • TickerFIRY on NYSE1
  • Industrytechnology, video game industry1
  • HeadquartersLas Vegas1
  • Websitefiry.com
  • Incorporated inDE7
  • Business address6625 Badura Avenue, Las Vegas, Nv 891187
  • Filer categoryNon-accelerated filer, Smaller reporting company7
  • Legal formCorporation4
  • LEI5299006JYSCXOG2KD7984
  • StatusActive4
  • LEI statusIssued and current4
  • Registered addressc/o CORPORATION SERVICE COMPANY, 251 LITTLE FALLS DRIVE, 19808 Wilmington, United States4
  • Registered withDivision of Corporations, Department of State, 78014714

Skillz is an online mobile multiplayer video game competition platform that is integrated into a number of iOS and Android games. The Skillz platform helps developers create franchises by enabling social competition in their games. Skillz has over 14,000 game developers who launched a game integration on the platform. Skillz hosts billions of casual esports tournaments for millions of mobile players worldwide.3

Financials

From the company’s reports to the SEC. Every number links to the filing it came from.

Key numbers, fiscal 2025

-61.2%Operating margin6
-67.4%Net margin6
12.5%Revenue growth, 20256
-63.0%Return on equity6
0.00×Debt to equity6
-$70.3MFree cash flow6

What sells

Revenue by product, business segment and region, as the company reports it to the SEC.

Products and services

Entry Fee brought in 73% of the revenue Firy Inc. broke down this way in fiscal 2025.

  1. Entry Fee$76.9M673%down 4% from 2024
  2. Advertising$26.8M626%up 146% from 2024
  3. Maintenance Fee Revenue$1.3M61%down 38% from 2024
Products and services by year
Products and services202320242025
Entry Fee$134.5M$80.4M$76.9M
Advertising$12.9M$10.9M$26.8M
Maintenance Fee Revenue$4.7M$2.0M$1.3M

Business segments

Skillz brought in 74% of the revenue Firy Inc. broke down this way in fiscal 2025.

  1. Skillz$78.2M674%down 5% from 2024
  2. RZR$26.8M626%up 146% from 2024
Business segments by year
Business segments202320242025
Skillz$139.2M$82.4M$78.2M
RZR$10.9M$26.8M

Regions

United States brought in 76% of the revenue Firy Inc. broke down this way in fiscal 2025.

  1. United States$80.1M676%up 1% from 2024
  2. Rest of the world$6.4M66%up 66% from 2024
  3. CY$4.2M64%up 328% from 2024
  4. MT$4.0M64%up 61% from 2024
  5. Israel$3.6M63%up 26% from 2024
  6. [Canada]$2.7M63%up 24% from 2024
  7. South Korea$1.8M62%
  8. Singapore$1.4M61%
  9. Hong Kong$708.0K61%down 44% from 2024
Regions by year
Regions202320242025
United States$133.5M$79.7M$80.1M
Rest of the world$7.8M$3.8M$6.4M
CY$973.0K$4.2M
MT$3.1M$2.5M$4.0M
Israel$4.5M$2.9M$3.6M
[Canada]$3.2M$2.2M$2.7M
South Korea$1.8M
Singapore$1.4M
Hong Kong$1.3M$708.0K

Where the money goes

Where each dollar of revenue went, fiscal 2025

  • Cost of revenue12¢$13.1M
  • Research and development20¢$20.6M
  • Other costs68¢$70.7M
  • Income tax0¢$108.0K

Out of $104.5M in revenue.6 The company lost money this year.

Financial statements

Revenue10111213146$104.5M in 2025+106% since 2018
0$100.0M$200.0M$300.0M$400.0M2018: $50.8M$50.8M20182019: $119.9M$119.9M2019+136%2020: $229.0M$229.0M2020+91%2021: $380.2M$380.2M2021+66%2022: $269.7M$269.7M2022−29%2023: $152.1M$152.1M2023−44%2024: $92.9M$92.9M2024−39%2025: $104.5M$104.5M2025+13%
Operating income10111213146-$63.9M in 2025+150% since 2018
-$600.0M-$400.0M-$200.0M02018: -$25.5M-$25.5M20182019: -$24.8M-$24.8M2019−3%2020: -$103.2M-$103.2M2020+316%2021: -$293.8M-$293.8M2021+185%2022: -$421.4M-$421.4M2022+43%2023: -$114.3M-$114.3M2023−73%2024: -$46.5M-$46.5M2024−59%2025: -$63.9M-$63.9M2025+37%
Net income10111213146-$70.4M in 2025+153% since 2018
-$600.0M-$400.0M-$200.0M02018: -$27.8M-$27.8M20182019: -$23.6M-$23.6M2019−15%2020: -$149.1M-$149.1M2020+532%2021: -$187.9M-$187.9M2021+26%2022: -$438.9M-$438.9M2022+134%2023: -$101.4M-$101.4M2023−77%2024: -$46.8M-$46.8M2024−54%2025: -$70.4M-$70.4M2025+50%

Every line of the income statement as filed: the last 2 fiscal years, latest first.6

Period ending2025-12-312024-12-31
Revenue$104.5M$92.9M
Cost of revenue$13.1M$13.4M
Research and development$20.6M$16.7M
Sales and marketing$71.1M$76.4M
General and administrative$71.1M$78.9M
Gain from litigation settlement-$7.5M-$46.0M
Total costs and expenses$168.4M$139.4M
Loss from operations-$63.9M-$46.5M
Interest (expense) income, net-$5.8M$298.0K
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liabilities$0$11.0K
Other expense, net of other income-$567.0K-$530.0K
Loss before income taxes-$70.3M-$46.7M
Provision for income taxes$108.0K$66.0K
Net loss-$70.4M-$46.8M
Basic (in dollars per share)-$4.51-$2.62
Diluted (in dollars per share)-$4.51-$2.62
Basic (in shares)15.6M shares17.8M shares
Diluted (in shares)15.6M shares17.8M shares
Change in unrealized gain on available-for-sale investments, net of tax$0$7.0K
Foreign currency translation loss-$371.0K$0
Total other comprehensive (loss) income-$371.0K$7.0K
Total comprehensive loss-$70.8M-$46.8M

Compare Firy Inc. with another company

Corporate structure

Firy Inc. sits at the top of its group. 8 entities, 6 countries on record. Switch between the flow chart and the network, and select any entity to see its details.

Major holders of Firy Inc.

  • Firy Inc. Wilmington, Delaware, United States
    • Aarki (UK) Limited Subsidiary · United Kingdom
    • Aarki Kabushiki-Kaisha Subsidiary · Japan
    • Aarki, LLC Subsidiary · Delaware, United States
    • ARND CJSC Subsidiary · Armenia
    • Beijing Aarki Technology Co. Ltd. Subsidiary · China
    • Skillz Platform Canada Inc. Subsidiary · Canada
    • Skillz Platform Inc. Subsidiary · Delaware, United States

Built from parent and subsidiary links from GLEIF, the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (CC0); subsidiaries listed in Exhibit 21 of annual reports filed with the SEC; major holders from Schedules 13D and 13G. Each entity in the chart links to its source.

What it owns

What Firy Inc. reports owning in its annual reports to the SEC: buildings, land and equipment, real estate and locations, investments, intangible assets and inventory, at the end of its latest fiscal year and a year before.

Property and equipment

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Property and equipment, net$20.8M6 Dec 31, 2025$16.3M6 Dec 31, 2024+27.6%
Operating-lease assets (leased space)$1.1M6 Dec 31, 2025$308.0K6 Dec 31, 2024+251.3%

Investments

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Cash and cash equivalents$194.5M6 Dec 31, 2025$271.9M6 Dec 31, 2024−28.5%
Marketable securities, current$014 Dec 31, 2024$014 Dec 31, 2023
Marketable securities, non-current$014 Dec 31, 2024$1.1M14 Dec 31, 2023−100.0%

Properties, in its own words

In March 2023, we purchased a new office building in Las Vegas, Nevada, where our principal business operations for in office collaboration of product, operations, and revenue teams are located for our Skillz segment. Since February 2024, the building has been utilized as the Company’s headquarters. We also lease offices in smaller buildings and coworking spaces in major cities. In connection with our acquisition of RZR in 2021, we assumed leases for a number of offices and coworking spaces around the world, including data centers in the U.S. and Hong Kong and a workspace in the Philippines for our RZR segment.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, we commenced a lease for office space in Bangalore, India with a term of 36 months. Future rent obligations as lease commencement totaled approximately $1.4 million.

Item 2 of the 10-K filed Mar 31, 2026.19

The story

Founded by Andrew Paradise on Apr 1, 2012.1

Skillz was founded in 2012 by Andrew Paradise and Casey Chafkin in Boston, though the company's headquarters is now located in Las Vegas.

Through different rounds of funding, Skillz has raised $53 million from venture capitalists including Liberty Global, Telstra, Accomplice, Wildcat Capital, as well as the owners of the New England Patriots, Milwaukee Bucks, New York Mets, and Sacramento Kings.

In 2016, the company launched bracketed tournaments on the platform.

In December 2017, Skillz hired its one hundredth full-time employee. As of September 2017, 33% of Skillz's engineering team were women.

In April 2018, Skillz doubled its revenue run-rate to $200 million in nine months, with more than one million tournaments per day. At the same year in September, the revenue rate grew to $400 million.

In 2019, the company held a contest for mobile esports games developers with $25,000-prize for the winner to traffic to the game, with launch and optimization services provided by Skillz business and game design experts.

In February 2021, Skillz and the NFL partnered to develop a new NFL-themed mobile game.

In August 2021, the company partnered with multiplayer tech company Exit Games with permanent access to the company's technology, and invested $50 million for a minority stake in Exit Games.

Read the full text

In 2021, Skillz generated over $2 billion in gross marketplace volume, over 3 million monthly active users, and hosted an average of over 6 million daily tournaments, including 1.5 million paid entry daily tournaments offering over $100 million in prizes each month.

In February 2024, Skillz was awarded a $42.9 million judgement against rival AviaGames for patent infringement.

From Wikipedia’s article on Skillz (company), shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.8

Leadership

Who has led Firy Inc., and when. Pick a name to see everywhere that person has worked.

Board members and other officers (31)

Products and brands

Software

The Skillz platform integrates into mobile games to provide esports-related features. Skillz facilitates matching players with one another based on their skill levels. Players can also record or stream their games via the platform. Skillz currently has 30 million users registered on the platform, around 14,000 developer partners. On a daily basis, Skillz runs two million tournaments per day for games such as Solitaire Cube, Bubble Shooter, and Dominoes. Skillz has hosted over 800 million tournaments. Of its users, roughly half are men and half are women.

Games

There are over 800 games of various genres games that have the Skillz multiplayer platform integrated onto them. Tether Studios is one such developer of Skillz games, which uses the Skillz platform to add a cash-rewarded competition element to their Solitaire Cube game, leading to increased player retention. Another game studio on the Skillz platform is Big Run, with games such as Big Cooking and Blackout Bingo.

From Wikipedia’s article on Skillz (company), shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.8

Subsidiaries and ownership

Subsidiaries (Exhibit 21)

  • ARND CJSC Armenia9
  • Aarki (UK) Limited United Kingdom9
  • Aarki Kabushiki-Kaisha Japan9
  • Aarki, LLC Delaware9
  • Beijing Aarki Technology Co. Ltd. China9
  • Skillz Platform Canada Inc. Canada9
  • Skillz Platform Inc. Delaware9

The subsidiaries the company lists in Exhibit 21 of its annual report, as filed.

Acquisitions

In August 2020, Skillz and Flying Eagle Acquisition Corp., a publicly traded special purpose acquisition company, merged a business combination that resulted in Skillz becoming a publicly listed company.

In June 2021, Skillz acquired Aarki, a technology-driven marketing platform, for $150 million to create an integrated esports advertising platform. Aarki's demand-side platform was reaching 465 million monthly active users before being acquired by Skillz.

In January 2026, Skillz acquired Beamable, a backend services platform for games.

Exit Games

In August 2021, Skillz acquired a minority stake in Exit Games for $50 million.

Read the full text

Founded in 2004, Hamburg-based Exit Games created a real-time multiplayer and cloud service called Photon used by developers for creating and hosting real-time multiplayer games. Photon also partners with EA, Square Enix and Ubisoft, and has 24 million users. Photon engine will be used by Skillz to power its platform and esports tournaments.

From Wikipedia’s article on Skillz (company), shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.8

Former names

  • Skillz Inc.Oct 7, 2020 to Jun 18, 20267
  • Flying Eagle Acquisition Corp.Feb 3, 2020 to Dec 17, 20207

Timeline

  1. Oct 6, 20268-K Other events57
  2. Oct 5, 20268-K Entered a material agreement; Completed an acquisition or sale; Regulation FD disclosure58
  3. Sep 15, 20268-K Executive or director change59
  4. Aug 17, 20268-K Other events60
  5. Aug 13, 20268-K Results of operations61
  6. Aug 4, 20268-K Other events62
  7. Jul 28, 20268-K Regulation FD disclosure63
  8. Jun 23, 20268-K Shareholder vote64
  9. Jun 22, 2026Went public Listed on NYSE1
  10. Jun 22, 20268-K Bylaws or fiscal year changed65
  11. Jun 18, 20268-K Regulation FD disclosure66
  12. Jun 8, 20268-K Regulation FD disclosure67
  13. May 20, 20268-K Executive or director change68
  14. Dec 18, 2020New chief executive Andrew Paradise becomes CEO1
  15. Mar 5, 2020New chief executive Harry Sloan becomes CEO20
  16. Apr 1, 2012Founded Founded1

Calendar

Coming up

  1. Nov 5, 2026Reports results for the quarter ending Sep/202669

When it reported results

  1. Aug 13, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results61
  2. May 15, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results70
  3. Mar 31, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results71
  4. Aug 7, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results72
  5. May 8, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results73
  6. Mar 13, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results74
  7. Nov 7, 2024Reported quarterly or annual results75
  8. Aug 1, 2024Reported quarterly or annual results76

Upcoming dates from Nasdaq's calendar; past results from the company's 8-K filings (Item 2.02). The full markets calendar

Filings

322 filings to the SEC since October 2021: 5 annual reports, 15 quarterly reports, 83 major events, 143 insider forms, 8 large holders, 68 other. The latest 20:

  1. Oct 13, 20263 EDGAR
  2. Oct 6, 20264 EDGAR
  3. Oct 6, 20268-K EDGAR
  4. Oct 5, 20264 EDGAR
  5. Oct 5, 20264 EDGAR
  6. Oct 5, 20268-K EDGAR
  7. Sep 23, 20263 EDGAR
  8. Sep 15, 20268-K EDGAR
  9. Aug 19, 202610-Q EDGAR
  10. Aug 17, 20268-K EDGAR
  11. Aug 17, 2026NT 10-Q EDGAR
  12. Aug 13, 20268-K EDGAR
  13. Aug 4, 20264 EDGAR
  14. Aug 4, 20264 EDGAR
  15. Aug 4, 20268-K EDGAR
  16. Jul 29, 2026S-8 EDGAR
  17. Jul 28, 20268-K EDGAR
  18. Jul 16, 20263 EDGAR
  19. Jul 16, 20264 EDGAR
  20. Jul 6, 20264 EDGAR

The 322 filings since October 2021 can be filtered by form type and year here when JavaScript is on.

Every filing from the last five years, summarized. The full record is on SEC EDGAR.

Insider trades

19 open-market trades by officers, directors and large owners since October 2021: 13 buys and 6 sales. Grants, option exercises and gifts are left out.

DateWhoTradeSharesPriceValueFiling
Nov 15, 2024Lento Salvatore Jr.ControllerSale2,157$5.02$10.8KForm 4
Nov 10, 2023Roswig JasonPresident & CFOSale17,194$5.07$87.2KForm 4
Aug 9, 2023Roswig JasonPresident & CFOSale44,872$10.03$450.1KForm 4
Aug 7, 2023Paradise AndrewChief Executive OfficerBuy75,000$10.17$762.8KForm 4
Jun 5, 2023Chessen KevinDirectorBuy50,000$0.50$25.0KForm 4
May 15, 2023Paradise AndrewChief Executive OfficerBuy157,344$0.55$86.5KForm 4
May 12, 2023Paradise AndrewChief Executive OfficerBuy1,342,656$0.52$698.2KForm 4
Apr 5, 2023Paradise AndrewChief Executive OfficerBuy1,500,000$0.56$840.0KForm 4
Sep 28, 2022Mbugua StanleyChief Accounting OfficerSale10,620$1.07$11.4KForm 4
Mar 14, 2022SLOAN HARRYDirectorBuy100,000$2.27$227.0KForm 4
Mar 7, 2022Bruckheimer Jerome LeonDirectorBuy101,215$2.46$249.0KForm 4
Feb 28, 2022SLOAN HARRYDirectorBuy94,880$3.10$294.1KForm 4
Dec 22, 2021DirectorSale250,000$8.57$2.1MForm 4
Dec 2, 2021Paradise AndrewChief Executive OfficerBuy54$8.33$450Form 4
Nov 15, 2021Bruckheimer Jerome LeonDirectorBuy19,901$12.56$250.0KForm 4
Nov 9, 2021SLOAN HARRYDirectorBuy80,000$12.48$998.4KForm 4
Nov 8, 2021Chafkin CaseyDirectorBuy86,500$11.63$1.0MForm 4
Nov 8, 2021Aguirre MiriamChief Technology OfficerSale70,044$12.83$898.8KForm 4
Nov 8, 2021Paradise AndrewChief Executive OfficerBuy432,105$11.50$5.0MForm 4

From Forms 4 filed with the SEC.

Major holders

Investors who own more than 5% of the shares must tell the SEC: a 13D if they may seek to influence the company, a 13G if they hold passively.

Executive pay

What the company paid its top executives, from the summary compensation table in its proxy statement. Total pay includes salary, bonus, stock and option awards and other pay, as the company valued them.

YearExecutiveAgeSalaryTotal pay
2025Andrew Paradise$600.0K$2.4M82
2025Gaetano Franceschi$400.0K$888.7K82
2025Nikul Patel$636.2K82
2024Chief Financial Officer$883.9K82
2024Chief Executive Officer$530.5K82
2024Interim General Counsel$468.1K82

Held by these funds

The largest holders among investment managers' 13F reports for the quarter ending Jun 30, 2026, the top 25 of 72. Change is in shares since the quarter before.

FundSharesValueShare of the fundChange
BlackRock, Inc.835,914$8.5M0.0%+488,052
Vanguard Capital Management LLC463,249$4.7M0.0%+298,200
Renaissance Technologies LLC400,725$4.1M0.0%+1,300
Coastal Bridge Advisors, LLC247,008$2.5M0.2%No change
Geode Capital Management, LLC116,853$1.2M0.0%+4,114
UBS Group AG111,090$1.1M0.0%+96,605
Morgan Stanley110,121$1.1M0.0%+81,510
Jane Street Group, LLC94,072$957.7K0.0%+69,105
Meteora Capital, LLC91,100$927.4K0.1%New
Vanguard Fiduciary Trust Co60,391$614.8K0.0%+401
State Street Corp58,462$595.1K0.0%No change
Squarepoint Ops LLC56,928$579.5K0.0%−6,670
Boothbay Fund Management, LLC50,400$513.1K0.0%New
Shay Capital LLC40,389$411.2K0.0%+25,149
Dimensional Fund Advisors LP29,994$305.3K0.0%No change
Bank of New York Mellon Corp27,794$282.9K0.0%New
Northern Trust Corp24,759$252.0K0.0%−929
Hsbc Holdings PLC21,083$186.4K0.0%+9,227
Susquehanna Portfolio Strategies, LLC17,475$177.9K0.0%New
Bridgeway Capital Management, LLC16,000$162.9K0.0%−7,700
Goldman Sachs Group Inc15,038$153.1K0.0%+9
Group One Trading LLC14,255$145.1K0.0%New
Pinegrove Venture Partners, LLC13,950$142.0K1.9%No change
Brevan Howard Capital Management LP11,833$120.5K0.0%New
Peak Retirement Planning, Inc.11,690$119.0K0.0%New

13F reports cover disclosed long positions in U.S. stocks only.

SEC filer profile

How Firy Inc. is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, from its EDGAR record and the cover page of its latest annual report.

  • Name on EDGARFiry Inc.2
  • CIK0001801661
  • Employer ID (EIN)84-447827419
  • Filer statusNon-accelerated filer not an emerging growth company; a smaller reporting company; not a shell company19
  • Incorporated inDelaware19
  • Fiscal year endsDecember 312
  • Industry code (SIC)7374 Services-Computer Processing & Data Preparation2
  • SEC reviewing officeOffice of Technology, Division of Corporation Finance2
  • Business address6625 Badura Avenue, Las Vegas, NV 891182
  • Phone415-762-05112
  • Shares outstanding12,170,492 Common Class A shares; 3,430,063 Common Class B shares as of Mar 27, 202619
  • Public float$80.3M as of Jun 30, 202519
  • AuditorDeloitte & Touche LLP, Las Vegas, Nevada PCAOB ID 34; no auditor attestation of internal control over financial reporting19
  • On EDGAR sinceFeb 3, 20202
  • Filings517 in all: 4 (141), 8-K (108), 3 (39), CORRESP (29), 424B3 (26), 10-Q (20), UPLOAD (16), SC 13D/A (11)2
    All 44 form types

    EFFECT (10), DEFA14A (8), SC 13G/A (7), 10-K (6), DEF 14A (6), NT 10-Q (6), SC 13G (6), 3/A (5), 4/A (5), 8-K/A (5), POS AM (5), S-1 (5), 144 (4), 425 (4), S-4/A (4), S-8 (4), SC 13D (4), 5 (3), ARS (3), NT 10-K (3), PRE 14A (3), S-1/A (3), 25-NSE (2), 424B4 (2), DRS (2), SEC STAFF LETTER (2), 10-K/A (1), 8-A12B (1), 8-A12B/A (1), 8-K12B (1), AW (1), CERT (1), POS462C (1), S-1MEF (1), S-4 (1), S-8 POS (1)

  • Latest filingsAnnual report (10-K) Mar 31, 2026
    Quarterly report (10-Q) Aug 19, 2026
    Proxy statement (DEF 14A) May 1, 2026
    Latest 8-K (8-K) Oct 6, 2026

Securities registered for trading

ClassSymbolExchange
Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per shareSKLZNew York Stock Exchange

From the cover page of the 10-K filed Mar 31, 2026 (Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act).19

Risk factors and legal proceedings

The risks Firy Inc. names in Item 1A of its 10-K filed Mar 31, 2026: 47 risks under these headings, as written.19

  • Risks Related to Our Industry
  • Competition within the broader entertainment industry is intense and our existing and potential users may be attracted to competing forms of entertainment such as television, movies and sporting events, as well as other entertainment and gaming options on the internet. If our platform and games available through our platform do not continue to be popular, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects would be materially adversely affected.
  • We are subject to risks associated with competitors that do not follow ethical fairness practices to grow their businesses.
  • Our business model heavily depends upon the proliferation of mobile devices, the continued compatibility between the games featured on our platform and major mobile gaming operating systems, web browsers and upon third-party platforms for the distribution of such games. If such third parties interfere with the distribution of our products or offerings, or if our expectations with respect to mobile devices and our compatibility with third party operating systems are incorrect, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects would be adversely affected.
  • We are subject to risks associated with disruptive technologies, including AI.
  • Historically, a limited number of games have accounted for a substantial portion of our revenue. If these games were to become less popular or be removed from our platform and we are unable to identify and market suitable replacements, our business and prospects could suffer.
  • We rely on our third-party developer partners to develop and update all of the game features on our platform not tied to our SDK. The decision of developers to remove the SDK from their games or changes in the terms of our commercial relationship with third-party developers could adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations and prospects. In addition, the failure of developers to provide timely and reliable updates to their games could adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
  • It may become increasingly difficult and more expensive for us to acquire players for our games and we may not achieve a positive return on investment on our user acquisition efforts.
  • Our growth will depend on the ability to attract and retain end-users who participate in paid-entry fee contests, and the loss of such end-users, or failure to attract new end-users in a cost-effective manner, would adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
  • If users engage in criminal, inappropriate or fraudulent activities that seek to exploit our platform and users, our ability to attract and retain developers and users may be harmed, which could have an adverse impact on our reputation, business, financial condition and operating results. If we fail to detect fraud or theft, including by end-users and employees, our reputation and brand may suffer, which could negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations and can subject us to investigations and litigation.
  • Maintaining and enhancing our brand and reputation is critical to our business prospects. Failure to maintain or grow our brand and reputation could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
  • Companies and governmental agencies may restrict access to platforms, our website, mobile applications or the Internet generally, which could lead to the loss or slower growth of players on the Skillz platform.
The other 36 risks
  • We rely on assumptions and estimates to calculate certain of our key metrics, and real or perceived inaccuracies in such metrics may harm our reputation and negatively affect our business.
  • Our strategy to expand internationally will be subject to increased challenges and risks; our growth prospects and market potential will depend on our ability to operate in a number of jurisdictions and if we fail to do so our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be impaired.
  • We rely on information technology (“IT”) and other systems and platforms, and any failures, errors, defects or disruptions in our or our vendors’ or other partners’ systems or platforms could diminish our brand and reputation, subject us to liability, disrupt our business, affect our ability to scale our technical infrastructure and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results and growth prospects.
  • We primarily rely, and expect to continue to rely, on Amazon Web Services (“AWS”) to deliver our offerings to users on our platform and any failure or disruption of or interference with our use of AWS could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
  • Our use of third-party open-source software and AI Technologies could negatively affect our ability to offer our products and services through our platform and subject us to possible litigation.
  • We rely on third-party providers to validate the identity and identify the location of end-users, and if such providers fail to perform adequately, or if we do not maintain business relationships with them, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be adversely affected.
  • We rely on third-party payment processors to process deposits and withdrawals made by end-users on the platform, and if we cannot manage our relationships with such third parties and other payment-related risks, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. Further, we may have difficulty accessing the services of banks, credit card issuers and payment processing services providers, which may make it difficult to sell our products and services.
  • We rely on other third-party service providers and if such third parties do not perform adequately or terminate their relationships with us, our costs may increase and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
  • Our workforce and operations have fluctuated substantially since our inception. If we are unable to effectively manage future expected growth, our financial performance and future prospects will be adversely affected.
  • The growth and success of our business will depend on the performance of the current and future employees of Skillz, including certain key employees. Recruitment and retention of these individuals is vital to growing our business and meeting our business plans. The loss of any of our key executives or other key employees could harm our business.
  • Economic downturns and political and market conditions beyond our control could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
  • Global climate change, the occurrence of an earthquake, other natural disaster or other significant business interruption at or near any of our facilities could cause damage to our facilities and equipment and interfere with our operations.
  • The requirements of being a public company, including compliance with the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley”), may strain our resources and divert management’s attention, the increases in legal, accounting and compliance expenses may be greater than we anticipate, and there can be no assurance that we will continue to satisfy these obligations.
  • Our international business exposes us to risks relating to regulation, currency fluctuations and political or economic instability in foreign markets, which could have a material adverse effect on us.
  • Risks Relating to Legal and Regulatory Matters
  • We are subject to laws and regulations concerning privacy, information security, data protection, consumer protection and protection of minors, and these laws and regulations are continually evolving. Our actual or perceived failure to comply with these laws and regulations could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation or prospects.
  • Changes in tax laws or tax rulings could materially affect our effective tax rates, financial position and results of operations.
  • We have been and continue to be party to litigation and we may be subject to future litigation in the operation of our business. An adverse outcome in one or more proceedings could adversely affect our business.
  • Our insurance may not provide adequate levels of coverage against claims.
  • Risks Relating to Data Security and Intellectual Property
  • Failure to obtain, maintain, protect or enforce our intellectual property rights could harm our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
  • Risks Related to Financial Matters
  • Our operating history and our history of operating losses make it difficult to evaluate our current business and prospects and may increase the risks associated with your investment.
  • Our results of operations may fluctuate due to seasonality and other factors and, therefore, our periodic operating results will not be guarantees of future performance.
  • We may invest in or acquire other businesses, and our business may suffer if we miscalculate the value or benefits of such acquired businesses, if we are unable to successfully integrate acquired businesses into our company or otherwise manage the growth associated with multiple acquisitions.
  • We may require additional capital to support our growth plans or refinance our existing indebtedness, and such capital may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all. This could hamper our growth and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
  • Our investment portfolio and our ability to access cash and cash equivalents may become impaired by deterioration of the financial markets.
  • Risks Related to Our Indebtedness
  • Our indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health and our ability to execute our business strategy.
  • The instruments governing our indebtedness impose certain restrictions on our business, and future such instruments could impose new restrictions on our business.
  • Servicing our debt requires a significant amount of cash, and we may not have sufficient cash flow from our business to service or repay our substantial debt.
  • Risks Related to Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock
  • The trading price of our Class A common stock has been, and may continue to be, volatile, and the value of our Class A common stock may decline.
  • There can be no assurance that we will be able to remain in compliance with the continued listing standards of the NYSE.
  • We are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the rules of the NYSE and our stockholders do not have certain corporate governance protections that are available to stockholders of companies that are not controlled companies.
  • We cannot predict the impact our dual class structure may have on our stock price of our Class A common stock; the dual class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting power with our CEO and Co-Founder, which will limit an investor’s ability to influence the outcome of important transactions, including a change in control.
  • Delaware law and provisions in our Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (our “Charter”) and Amended and Restated Bylaws (our “Bylaws”) could make a takeover proposal more difficult.
  • Our Charter designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings and the federal district courts as the sole and exclusive forum for other types of actions and proceedings, in each case, that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain what such stockholders believe to be a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees.
  • We may identify misstatements to our previously issued financial statements, which could create additional risks and uncertainties that may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.
  • We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. If we are unable to develop and maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results in a timely manner, which may adversely affect investor confidence in us and materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and stock price.
  • We are a smaller reporting company and a non-accelerated filer, and we benefit from certain reduced governance and disclosure requirements, but we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements make our common stock less attractive to investors.

Legal proceedings

The information set forth under the heading “Legal Matters” in Note 9, Commitments and Contingencies, in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report is incorporated herein by reference.

The opening of Item 3, Legal Proceedings.19

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