Greenland Technologies Holding Corp.

Properties Owned by us

As of December 31, 2025, Greenland held land use rights of four parcels of land with an aggregate site area of approximately 81,171 square meters, located in Xinchang County, Zhejiang Province, PRC. The terms of these land use rights are due to expire on November 14, 2062.

As of December 31, 2025, Greenland held three building ownership certificates for three buildings with an aggregate gross floor area of approximately 44,751 square meters. These properties are primarily used for production and office purposes.

Property Leased by us

As of December 31, 2025, Greenland leased an office space with an aggregate floor area of approximately 1,440 square feet in New Jersey and a monthly rent of $2,910.

The Company believes that the properties we currently own and lease for our business operations are adequate to meet our needs for the foreseeable future.

• Volatile steel prices can cause significant fluctuations in our operating results. Our revenues and operating income could decrease if steel prices increase or if our subsidiaries are unable to pass price increases on to their customers.
• We are subject to various risks and uncertainties that might affect our subsidiaries’ ability to procure raw materials.
• Our subsidiaries may lose their competitive advantage, and their operations may suffer, if they fail to prevent the loss or misappropriation of, or disputes over, their intellectual property.
• Our PRC subsidiaries have limited insurance coverage for their operations in China and may incur losses resulting from product liability claims, business interruption or natural disasters.
• Failure to make adequate contributions to various employee benefit plans as required by PRC regulations may subject us to penalties.
• If labor costs in the PRC increase substantially, our PRC subsidiaries’ business and our costs of operations may be adversely affected.
• We may not be able to effectively protect our intellectual property from unauthorized use by others.
• Competition for our and our subsidiaries’ employees is intense, and we and our subsidiaries may not be able to attract and retain the highly skilled employees needed to support our subsidiaries’ business.
• Our business depends on the continued efforts of our senior management. If one or more of our key executives were unable or unwilling to continue in their present positions, our business may be severely disrupted.
• We do not maintain “key person” insurance, and as a result, we may incur losses if any of our directors, executive officers, senior manager or other key employees chooses to terminate his or her services with us.
• Geopolitical conflicts involving Iran, military actions in the Middle East, and the war in Ukraine may adversely affect economic conditions in the U.S., China and globally, and cause significant volatility in the trading price of our Class A ordinary shares.
• High inflation rates may adversely affect us by increasing costs beyond what we can recover through price increases and limit our ability to enter into future traditional debt financing.
• The outcome of litigation, inquiries, investigations, examinations, or other legal proceedings in which we are involved, in which we may become involved, or in which our clients or competitors are involved could distract management, increase our expenses, or subject us to significant monetary damages or restrictions on our ability to do business.
• Changes in China’s economic, political or social conditions or government policies could have a material adverse effect on our business and operations.
• Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could adversely affect us and our PRC subsidiaries.
• The PRC government exerts substantial influence over the manner in which our PRC subsidiaries must conduct their business activities. If the Chinese government significantly regulates the business operations of our PRC subsidiaries in the future and our PRC subsidiaries are not able to substantially comply with such regulations, the business operations of our PRC subsidiaries may be materially and adversely affected and the value of our Class A ordinary shares may significantly decrease.
• To the extent cash in the business is in the mainland China/Hong Kong or a mainland China/Hong Kong entity, the funds may not be available to fund operations or for other use outside of the mainland China/Hong Kong due to interventions in or the imposition of restrictions and limitations on the ability of our Company or our subsidiaries by the PRC government to transfer cash.
• Our PRC subsidiaries may be liable for improper use or appropriation of personal information provided by their customers and any failure to comply with PRC laws and regulations over data security could result in materially adverse impact on our business, results of operations, and our continued listing on Nasdaq.
• A severe or prolonged downturn in the PRC or global economy could materially and adversely affect our business and our financial condition.
• You may have difficulty enforcing judgments against us.
• Under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law, we may be classified as a “Resident Enterprise” of China. Any classification as such will likely result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders.
• PRC regulation of loans to, and direct investments in, PRC entities by offshore holding companies may delay or prevent us from using proceeds from our future financing activities to make loans or additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries.
• We may rely on dividends paid by our subsidiaries for our cash needs, and any limitation on the ability of our subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct business.
• You may be subject to PRC income tax on dividends from us or on any gain realized on the transfer of our Class A ordinary shares.
• Fluctuations in exchange rates could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and the value of your investment.
• Governmental control of currency conversion may limit our ability to utilize our revenues effectively and affect the value of your investment.
• U.S. regulatory bodies may be limited in their ability to conduct investigations or inspections of our operations in China.
• Our Class A ordinary shares may be delisted and prohibited from being traded under the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act if the PCAOB is unable to inspect our auditors. The delisting and the cessation of trading of our Class A ordinary shares, or the threat of their being delisted and prohibited from being traded, may materially and adversely affect the value of your investment. Additionally, any inability of the PCAOB to conduct inspections deprives our investors with the benefits of such inspections.
• Nasdaq has recently adopted and proposed new listing rules that could result in the accelerated delisting of our Class A ordinary shares.
• Our dual-class share structure with different voting rights will limit your ability to influence corporate matters and could discourage others from pursuing any change of control transactions that holders of our Class A ordinary shares may view as beneficial.
• The dual-class structure of our ordinary shares may adversely affect the trading market for the Class A ordinary shares.
• Future sales of our Class A ordinary shares, whether by us or our shareholders, could cause the price of our Class A ordinary shares to decline.
• We do not know whether a market for the Class A ordinary shares will be sustained or what the trading price of the Class A ordinary shares will be and as a result it may be difficult for you to sell your Class A ordinary shares.
• Securities analysts may not cover our Class A ordinary shares and this may have a negative impact on the market price of our Class A ordinary shares.
• Because we do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future, you must rely on the price appreciation of our Class A ordinary shares for a return on your investment.
• Techniques employed by short sellers may drive down the market price of our Class A ordinary shares.
• Our Class A ordinary shares may experience extreme price and volume fluctuations, which could lead to costly litigation for us and make an investment in us less appealing.