IMCR on Nasdaq

Immunocore

Logo: immunocore.com5

Biotechnology company

Immunocore is a global commercial-stage biotechnology company, based in Oxfordshire, which researches and develops biological drugs using soluble T-cell receptor technology.3 Its shares trade on Nasdaq under the symbol IMCR.1 Wikipedia text CC BY-SA 4.0

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Last updated Oct 21, 2026.

Overview

2008Founded1

Compare with Krystal Biotech, Inc., Twist Bioscience or Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or pick any stock.

  • TickerIMCR on Nasdaq1
  • Industrybiotechnology1
  • HeadquartersPhiladelphia1
  • Websitewww.immunocore.com
  • Incorporated inUnited Kingdom6
  • Business address90 Park Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, X0 Ox14 4Ry6
  • Filer categoryLarge accelerated filer6
  • Legal formCorporation4
  • LEI213800IUE3DFS84BVN184
  • StatusActive4
  • LEI statusIssued and current4
  • Registered address92 PARK DRIVE, OX14 4RY Abingdon, United Kingdom4
  • Registered withCompanies House, 131197464

Immunocore is a global commercial-stage biotechnology company, based in Oxfordshire, which researches and develops biological drugs using soluble T-cell receptor technology.3

Financials

From the company’s reports to the SEC. Every number links to the filing it came from.

Key numbers, fiscal 2025

-11.3%Operating margin8
-8.9%Net margin8
29.0%Revenue growth, 20258
-9.3%Return on equity8
-$15.1MFree cash flow8

Where the money goes

Where each dollar of revenue went, fiscal 2025

  • Cost of revenue1¢$5.1M
  • Research and development60¢$274.9M
  • Selling, general and admin36¢$165.4M
  • Income tax4¢$16.4M

Out of $400.0M in revenue.8 The company lost money this year.

Financial statements

Revenue91011128$400.0M in 2025+1458% since 2019
0$200.0M$400.0M$600.0M2019: $25.7M$25.7M20192020: $30.1M$30.1M2020+17%2021: $4.1M$4.1M2021−86%2022: $174.4M$174.4M2022+4176%2023: $249.4M$249.4M2023+43%2024: $310.2M$310.2M2024+24%2025: $400.0M$400.0M2025+29%
Operating income91011128-$45.4M in 2025−62% since 2019
-$200.0M-$150.0M-$100.0M-$50.0M02019: -$118.3M-$118.3M20192020: -$86.2M-$86.2M2020−27%2021: -$174.6M-$174.6M2021+103%2022: -$51.7M-$51.7M2022−70%2023: -$59.6M-$59.6M2023+15%2024: -$70.5M-$70.5M2024+18%2025: -$45.4M-$45.4M2025−36%
Net income91011128-$35.5M in 2025−66% since 2019
-$200.0M-$150.0M-$100.0M-$50.0M02019: -$103.9M-$103.9M20192020: -$74.1M-$74.1M2020−29%2021: -$180.0M-$180.0M2021+143%2022: -$52.5M-$52.5M2022−71%2023: -$55.3M-$55.3M2023+5%2024: -$51.1M-$51.1M2024−8%2025: -$35.5M-$35.5M2025−30%

Every line of the income statement as filed: the last 3 fiscal years, latest first.8

Period ending2025-12-312024-12-312023-12-31
Total revenue$400.0M$310.2M$249.4M
Cost of revenue from sale of therapies-$5.1M-$2.7M-$1.0M
Research and development expense-$274.9M-$222.2M-$163.5M
Selling, general and administrative expense-$165.4M-$155.8M-$144.5M
Loss from operations-$45.4M-$70.5M-$59.6M
Interest income$16.5M$25.6M$18.0M
Interest expense-$12.2M-$18.8M-$5.2M
Foreign currency gain (loss)$2.2M-$3.4M-$13.2M
Other income (expense), net$19.7M$14.2M-$897.0K
Net loss before income taxes-$19.1M-$52.9M-$60.9M
Income tax (expense) benefit-$16.4M$1.9M$5.6M
Net loss-$35.5M-$51.1M-$55.3M
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations$5.7M$2.5M$18.4M
Total comprehensive loss-$29.8M-$48.6M-$36.9M
Basic net loss per share (in dollars per share)-$0.71-$1.02-$1.13
Diluted net loss per share (in dollars per share)-$0.71-$1.02-$1.13
Basic weighted-average number of shares outstanding (in shares)50.3M shares50.0M shares48.9M shares
Diluted weighted-average number of shares outstanding (in shares)50.3M shares50.0M shares48.9M shares

Compare Immunocore with another company

Corporate structure

Immunocore sits at the top of its group. 6 entities, 3 countries on record. Switch between the flow chart and the network, and select any entity to see its details.

Major holders of Immunocore

  • Immunocore Abingdon, United Kingdom
    • Immunocore (United States) Subsidiary · United States
    • Immunocore Commercial LLC Subsidiary · Delaware, United States
    • Immunocore Ireland Limited Subsidiary · Ireland
    • Immunocore Limited England and Subsidiary · United Kingdom
    • Immunocore Nominees Limited England and Subsidiary · United Kingdom

Built from parent and subsidiary links from GLEIF, the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (CC0); subsidiaries listed in Exhibit 21 of annual reports filed with the SEC; subsidiaries, stakes and holdings from Wikidata (CC0); major holders from Schedules 13D and 13G. Each entity in the chart links to its source.

What it owns

What Immunocore reports owning in its annual reports to the SEC: buildings, land and equipment, real estate and locations, investments, intangible assets and inventory, at the end of its latest fiscal year and a year before.

Property and equipment

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Property and equipment, before depreciation$72.3M8 Dec 31, 2025$65.4M8 Dec 31, 2024+10.5%
Accumulated depreciation$60.8M8 Dec 31, 2025$55.3M8 Dec 31, 2024+9.9%
Property and equipment, net$11.5M8 Dec 31, 2025$10.1M8 Dec 31, 2024+13.6%
Operating-lease assets (leased space)$38.8M8 Dec 31, 2025$37.6M8 Dec 31, 2024+3.0%

Investments

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Cash and cash equivalents$467.7M8 Dec 31, 2025$455.7M8 Dec 31, 2024+2.6%
Marketable securities, current$396.4M8 Dec 31, 2025$364.6M8 Dec 31, 2024+8.7%

Inventory

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Inventory, total$6.7M8 Dec 31, 2025$5.4M8 Dec 31, 2024+23.8%

Properties, in its own words

Our corporate headquarters are located in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, where we currently lease facilities containing our research and development, laboratory and office space, which consists of approximately 123,000 square feet. Our leases expire between 2037 and 2043, although there are break points at which we may terminate the leases prior to the termination date under certain conditions.

In addition, we lease an aggregate of approximately 45,000 square feet of office space in Radnor, Pennsylvania, and Rockville and Gaithersburg, Maryland. We also lease approximately 240 square feet of office space in Dublin, Ireland and approximately 120 square feet in Suurstoffi, Switzerland.

The rest of Item 2

We anticipate leasing additional office and laboratory space as we add employees and continue to grow as a commercial-stage organization. We believe that suitable additional or substitute space will be available as needed to accommodate any such expansion of our operations.

Item 2 of the 10-K filed Feb 25, 2026.16

Leadership

Who has led Immunocore, and when. Pick a name to see everywhere that person has worked.

2010201520202025
Board members and other officers (16)

Named in SEC Form D filings

People the company listed in its private-offering notices.

  • Chief Financial OfficerBrian Di Donato named Jul 28, 202232
  • Head of Research and DevelopmentDavid Berman named Jul 28, 202232
  • Chief Human Resources OfficerTina St. Leger named Jul 28, 202232

Products and brands

  • cancer

Listed on Wikidata.1

Subsidiaries and ownership

Subsidiaries

  • Immunocore (United States)

Subsidiaries (Exhibit 21)

  • Immunocore Commercial LLC Delaware, United States7
  • Immunocore GmbH Switzerland7
  • Immunocore Ireland Limited Ireland7
  • Immunocore LLC Delaware, United States7
  • Immunocore Limited England and Wales7
  • Immunocore Nominees Limited England and Wales7

From Wikidata.1 The subsidiaries the company lists in Exhibit 21 of its annual report, as filed.

Former names

  • Immunocore LtdApr 13, 2016 to Feb 1, 20216

Timeline

  1. Sep 14, 20268-K Regulation FD disclosure33
  2. Aug 6, 20268-K Results of operations34
  3. May 27, 20268-K Shareholder vote35
  4. May 6, 20268-K Results of operations36
  5. Feb 25, 20268-K Results of operations37
  6. Jan 30, 20268-K Executive or director change38
  7. Jan 9, 20268-K Results of operations; Regulation FD disclosure; Other events39
  8. Nov 28, 20258-K Executive or director change40
  9. Nov 6, 20258-K Results of operations41
  10. Aug 7, 20258-K Results of operations42
  11. May 15, 20258-K Shareholder vote43
  12. May 7, 20258-K Results of operations44
  13. Jan 2, 2024New chief executive Bahija Jallal becomes CEO17
  14. 2008Founded Founded1

Calendar

Coming up

  1. Nov 5, 2026Reports results for the quarter ending Sep/202645

When it reported results

  1. Aug 6, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results34
  2. May 6, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results36
  3. Feb 25, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results37
  4. Jan 9, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results39
  5. Nov 6, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results41
  6. Aug 7, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results42
  7. May 7, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results44
  8. Feb 26, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results46

Upcoming dates from Nasdaq's calendar; past results from the company's 8-K filings (Item 2.02). The full markets calendar

Filings

243 filings to the SEC since October 2021: 5 annual reports, 8 quarterly reports, 33 major events, 61 insider forms, 48 large holders, 1 private raises, 87 other. The latest 20:

  1. Oct 7, 2026SCHEDULE 13G/A EDGAR
  2. Sep 14, 20268-K EDGAR
  3. Aug 14, 2026SCHEDULE 13G/A EDGAR
  4. Aug 13, 2026SCHEDULE 13G/A EDGAR
  5. Aug 6, 202610-Q EDGAR
  6. Aug 6, 20268-K EDGAR
  7. Aug 6, 2026SCHEDULE 13G/A EDGAR
  8. May 28, 20264 EDGAR
  9. May 28, 20264 EDGAR
  10. May 28, 20264 EDGAR
  11. May 28, 20264 EDGAR
  12. May 28, 20264 EDGAR
  13. May 28, 20264 EDGAR
  14. May 27, 20268-K EDGAR
  15. May 22, 2026144 EDGAR
  16. May 21, 2026144 EDGAR
  17. May 15, 2026SCHEDULE 13G/A EDGAR
  18. May 15, 2026SCHEDULE 13G EDGAR
  19. May 8, 2026S-8 EDGAR
  20. May 6, 202610-Q EDGAR

The 243 filings since October 2021 can be filtered by form type and year here when JavaScript is on.

Every filing from the last five years, summarized. The full record is on SEC EDGAR.

Insider trades

21 open-market trades by officers, directors and large owners since October 2021: 1 buys and 20 sales. Grants, option exercises and gifts are left out.

DateWhoTradeSharesPriceValueFiling
Feb 18, 2026St Leger Tina AmberCHIEF HR OFFICERSale1,000$32.35$32.4KForm 4
Feb 18, 2026Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale5,965$32.35$193.0KForm 4
Feb 18, 2026GOLL JOHNSVP, FINANCE & CAOSale698$32.35$22.6KForm 4
Feb 18, 2026Jallal BahijaCHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICERSale11,474$32.35$371.2KForm 4
Dec 5, 2025Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale572$40.14$23.0KForm 4
Dec 4, 2025Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale31,341$40.26$1.3MForm 4
Nov 28, 2025Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale5,521$40.09$221.3KForm 4
Nov 26, 2025Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale69,404$40.12$2.8MForm 4
Nov 25, 2025Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale18,020$40.03$721.3KForm 4
Nov 24, 2025Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale100$40.00$4.0KForm 4
Sep 30, 2025Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale61,849$35.23$2.2MForm 4
Sep 15, 2025Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale200$35.01$7.0KForm 4
Sep 12, 2025Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale22,532$35.67$803.7KForm 4
Sep 11, 2025Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale19,081$36.28$692.3KForm 4
Sep 10, 2025Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale31,338$36.14$1.1MForm 4
Mar 17, 2025667, L.P.DirectorBuy807,338$29.72$24.0MForm 4
Apr 1, 2024St Leger Tina AmberCHIEF HR OFFICERSale4,375$64.06$280.3KForm 4
Feb 28, 2024Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale36,509$68.59$2.5MForm 4
Feb 27, 2024Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale54,938$70.86$3.9MForm 4
Feb 26, 2024Berman David MHEAD OF R&DSale28,553$70.65$2.0MForm 4

All 21 trades can be filtered by person here when JavaScript is on.

From Forms 4 filed with the SEC.

Major holders

Investors who own more than 5% of the shares must tell the SEC: a 13D if they may seek to influence the company, a 13G if they hold passively.

Executive pay

What the company paid its top executives, from the summary compensation table in its proxy statement. Total pay includes salary, bonus, stock and option awards and other pay, as the company valued them.

YearExecutiveAgeSalaryTotal pay
2025Bahija Jallal, Ph.D.Chief Executive Officer64$765.0K$10.9M64
2025Travis CoyChief Financial Officer45$500.0K$5.2M64
2025David Berman, M.D., Ph.D.Former Executive Vice President, Head of Research & Development$540.0K$4.3M64
2025Tina St. LegerChief Human Resources Officer57$374.9K$1.2M64
2024Bahija Jallal, Ph.D.Chief Executive Officer64$760.0K$12.9M64
2024David Berman, M.D., Ph.D.Former Executive Vice President, Head of Research & Development$535.8K$5.5M64
2024Tina St. LegerChief Human Resources Officer57$361.7K$1.1M64
2023Bahija Jallal, Ph.D.Chief Executive Officer64$735.0K$11.7M64
2023David Berman, M.D., Ph.D.Former Executive Vice President, Head of Research & Development$515.0K$4.4M64
2023Tina St. LegerChief Human Resources Officer57$338.5K$1.0M64

Money raised

Private offerings the company reported to the SEC on Form D.

  1. Jul 20, 2022Raised $140 million in a private offering of equity Form D: 8 investors so far Form D

Held by these funds

The largest holders among investment managers' 13F reports for the quarter ending Jun 30, 2026, the top 25 of 100. Change is in shares since the quarter before.

FundSharesValueShare of the fundChange
Wellington Management Group Llp5,721,945$181.7M0.0%+1,015,777
Rtw Investments, LP4,869,798$154.6M1.3%No change
Fmr LLC4,307,246$136.8M0.0%−521,908
Primecap Management Co/ca/3,638,241$115.5M0.1%−55,000
Bellevue Group AG2,788,245$88.5M1.9%−8,558
Tang Capital Management LLC2,649,368$84.1M3.8%No change
Vestal Point Capital, LP1,800,000$57.1M1.3%−966,868
Two Sigma Investments, LP1,648,983$52.4M0.0%+627,718
Millennium Management LLC1,597,037$50.7M0.0%+359,634
Armistice Capital, LLC1,428,000$45.3M1.3%+240,000
Caligan Partners LP1,381,317$43.9M2.1%New
Kynam Capital Management, LP1,375,000$43.7M2.4%+490,063
Bvf Inc/il1,294,463$41.1M1.1%No change
Trails Edge Capital Partners, LP1,063,234$33.8M5.4%+380,637
BlackRock, Inc.1,004,598$31.9M0.0%+348,289
Point72 Asset Management, L.P.990,280$31.4M0.0%−111,991
Jupiter Topco LLC709,022$22.5M0.0%New
Cantor Fitzgerald, L. P.680,200$21.6M0.2%+429,989
Logos Global Management LP600,000$19.1M0.8%−900,000
Marshall Wace, Llp590,941$18.8M0.0%+410,601
Hudson Bay Capital Management LP590,000$18.7M0.1%−43,174
Citadel Advisors LLC566,761$18.0M0.0%+336,362
Braidwell LP521,327$16.6M0.6%New
Jones Hill Capital LP512,856$16.3M3.5%New
Principal Financial Group Inc485,789$15.4M0.0%−33,341

13F reports cover disclosed long positions in U.S. stocks only.

SEC filer profile

How Immunocore is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, from its EDGAR record and the cover page of its latest annual report.

  • Name on EDGARImmunocore Holdings plc2
  • CIK0001671927
  • Filer statusLarge accelerated filer not an emerging growth company; not a smaller reporting company; not a shell company16
  • Incorporated inEngland and Wales16
  • Fiscal year endsDecember 312
  • Industry code (SIC)2836 Biological Products, (No Diagnostic Substances)2
  • SEC reviewing officeOffice of Life Sciences, Division of Corporation Finance2
  • Business address90 Park Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, X0 OX14 4RY2
  • Phone01235 54302812
  • Shares outstanding51,498,617 as of Jul 31, 202614
  • Public float$1.5B as of Jun 30, 202516
  • AuditorDeloitte LLP, Cambridge, United Kingdom PCAOB ID 1147; it also attests to the company’s internal control over financial reporting16
  • On EDGAR sinceApr 13, 20162
  • Filings279 in all: 4 (46), 6-K (40), 8-K (33), 144 (28), 3 (15), SCHEDULE 13G/A (13), SC 13G (12), SC 13G/A (12)2
    All 39 form types

    10-Q (8), SC 13D/A (8), CORRESP (6), S-8 (6), SCHEDULE 13G (5), 424B7 (4), 10-K (3), 20-F (3), ARS (3), DEF 14A (3), SEC STAFF LETTER (3), UPLOAD (3), CERT (2), DRS/A (2), EFFECT (2), F-1/A (2), PRE 14A (2), SC 13D (2), 424B4 (1), 424B5 (1), 6-K/A (1), 8-A12B (1), D (1), DRS (1), F-1 (1), F-1MEF (1), F-3ASR (1), F-6 (1), F-6/A (1), POSASR (1), S-3ASR (1)

  • Latest filingsAnnual report (10-K) Feb 25, 2026
    Quarterly report (10-Q) Aug 6, 2026
    Proxy statement (DEF 14A) Apr 16, 2026
    Latest 8-K (8-K) Sep 14, 2026

Securities registered for trading

ClassSymbolExchange
American Depositary Shares, each representing one ordinary share, nominal value £0.002 per shareIMCRThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Ordinary share, nominal value £0.002 per shareThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

From the cover page of the 10-K filed Feb 25, 2026 (Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act).16

Risk factors and legal proceedings

The risks Immunocore names in Item 1A of its 10-K filed Feb 25, 2026: 72 risks under these headings, as written.16

  • Risks Related to Our Financial Position and Need for Capital
  • We have incurred significant losses in every year since our inception. We may continue to incur losses over the next several years and may never achieve or maintain profitability.
  • Our future prospects are highly dependent on our ability to continue to successfully develop and execute our commercialization strategies for KIMMTRAK and any future products for which we may obtain regulatory approval. Failure to do so would adversely impact our financial condition and prospects.
  • Our ability to continue to generate revenues from KIMMTRAK and any other product candidates, if approved, is subject to being considered safe, effective, and having advantages over other therapies, and attaining and maintaining significant market acceptance among physicians, patients and healthcare payors.
  • Our revenues from KIMMTRAK may be significantly reduced by both existing and future legislation for drug pricing reforms requiring the payment of rebates.
  • We may require substantial additional funding to achieve our business goals. If we are unable to obtain this funding when needed and on acceptable terms, we could be forced to delay, limit or terminate our product development efforts.
  • Raising additional capital may cause dilution to our existing shareholders, restrict our operations or cause us to relinquish valuable rights.
  • Risks Related to KIMMTRAK and the Development of Our Product Candidates
  • In order to increase adoption and sales of KIMMTRAK, we will need to continue developing our commercial organization as well as recruit and retain qualified field representatives.
  • The incidence and prevalence for target patient populations for some of our product candidates have not been established with precision. If the market opportunities for our product candidates are smaller than we estimate, our revenue and ability to achieve profitability will be adversely affected, possibly materially.
  • We are heavily dependent on the success of our ImmTAX platform to identify and develop product candidates. If we or our collaborators are unable to successfully develop and commercialize our platforms or experience significant delays in doing so, our business may be harmed.
  • We, and the third parties on whom we rely in part for sales, marketing and distribution capabilities, may not be able to continue to effectively market, sell and distribute KIMMTRAK or effectively market, sell and distribute our other product candidates, if approved.
The other 62 risks
  • KIMMTRAK and our other product candidates, even if approved for commercial sale, may fail to achieve the degree of market acceptance by physicians, patients, third-party payors and others in the medical community necessary for continued commercial success.
  • We may be unable to successfully complete additional large-scale, pivotal clinical trials for any product candidates we develop.
  • Our product candidates utilize a novel mechanism of action and involve novel targets which may result in greater research and development expenses, regulatory issues that could delay or prevent approval, or discovery of unknown or unanticipated adverse effects.
  • Although we intend to explore other therapeutic opportunities in addition to the product candidates that we are currently developing, we may fail to identify viable new product candidates for clinical development for a number of reasons. If we fail to identify additional potential product candidates, our business could be materially harmed.
  • Clinical product development involves a lengthy and expensive process, with an uncertain outcome.
  • If we are not able to obtain, or if there are delays in obtaining, required regulatory approvals for our product candidates, we will not be able to commercialize, or will be delayed in commercializing, our product candidates, and our ability to generate revenue will be materially impaired.
  • Positive results from early pre-clinical studies of our product candidates are not necessarily predictive of the results of later pre-clinical studies and any future clinical trials of our product candidates. If we cannot replicate the positive results from our earlier pre-clinical studies of our product candidates in our later pre-clinical studies and future clinical trials, we may be unable to successfully develop, obtain regulatory for and commercialize our product candidates.
  • Interim, “top-line” and preliminary data from our clinical trials that we announce or publish from time to time may change as more patient data become available and are subject to audit and verification procedures that could result in material changes in the final data.
  • If we experience delays or difficulties in the enrollment of patients in clinical trials, our receipt of necessary regulatory approvals could be delayed or prevented.
  • Our planned clinical trials or those of our future collaborators may reveal significant adverse events not seen in our pre-clinical or nonclinical studies and may result in a safety profile that could inhibit regulatory approval or market acceptance of any of our product candidates.
  • We are at risk of a clinical hold at any time based on the evaluation of the data and information submitted to the governing regulatory authorities.
  • Our product candidates may cause undesirable side effects or have other properties that could halt their clinical development, prevent their regulatory approval, require expansion of the trial size, limit their commercial potential, or result in significant negative consequences.
  • Our product candidates may have serious and potentially fatal cross-reactivity to other peptides or protein sequences within the body.
  • We intend to develop tebentafusp, brenetafusp and our other programs, and potentially future product candidates, in combination with other therapies, which exposes us to additional risks.
  • If we do not achieve our projected development and commercialization goals within the timeframes we announce and expect, the commercialization of our product candidates or any future product candidates may be delayed, and our business will be harmed.
  • Due to our limited resources and access to capital, we must, and have in the past decided to, prioritize development of certain product candidates over other potential product candidates. These decisions may prove to have been wrong and may adversely affect our ability to develop our own programs and our attractiveness as a commercial partner and may ultimately have an impact on our commercial success.
  • We conduct clinical trials for our product candidates outside the United States, and the FDA and similar foreign regulatory authorities may not accept data from such trials.
  • A variety of risks associated with conducting research and clinical trials in multiple countries and marketing our product candidates internationally could materially adversely affect our business.
  • Risks Related to the Commercialization of Our Product Candidates
  • If we fail to comply with manufacturing regulations, our financial results and financial condition will be adversely affected.
  • If we are unable to successfully develop and maintain manufacturing processes for KIMMTRAK or our product candidates, or are unable to produce sufficient quantities at acceptable costs, we may be unable to support a clinical trial or be forced to terminate a program, or if we are unable to produce sufficient quantities of our products at acceptable costs, we may be unable to meet commercial demand, lose potential revenue, have reduced margins or be forced to terminate a program.
  • We face substantial competition, which may result in others developing or commercializing drugs before or more successfully than us.
  • Continued coverage and adequate reimbursement may not be available for KIMMTRAK, or our other current or any future product candidates, which could make it difficult for us to sell profitably, if approved.
  • We face potential product liability, and, if successful claims are brought against us, we may incur substantial liability and costs. If the use of our product candidates harms patients, or is perceived to harm patients even when such harm is unrelated to our product candidates, our regulatory approvals could be revoked or otherwise negatively impacted and we could be subject to costly and damaging product liability claims.
  • Risks Related to Our Dependence on Third Parties
  • Our existing therapeutic collaborations are important to our business, and future collaborations may also be important to us. If we are unable to maintain any of these collaborations, or if these collaborations are not successful, our business could be adversely affected.
  • We rely on CROs and other third parties to conduct our clinical trials and expect to rely on CROs and other third parties to conduct future clinical trials, as well as investigator-sponsored clinical trials of our product candidates. If these CROs and other third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties, comply with regulatory requirements or meet expected deadlines, we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for or commercialize our product candidates and our business could be substantially harmed.
  • We contract with third parties for the manufacture of our product candidates for pre-clinical development, clinical testing, and commercial supply. This reliance on third parties increases the risk that we will not have sufficient quantities of our product candidates or products or such quantities at an acceptable cost, which could delay, prevent or impair our development or commercialization efforts.
  • The third parties upon whom we rely for the supply of the active pharmaceutical ingredient used in our product candidates are our sole source of supply, and the loss of any of these suppliers could significantly harm our business.
  • We may seek to establish additional collaborations, and, if we are not able to establish them on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, we may have to alter our development and commercialization plans.
  • Where we license technology from a third party, the prosecution, maintenance, enforcement and defense of the patent or other intellectual property or proprietary rights licensed from such third party may be controlled by the third party, which may impact the scope of patent or other protection.
  • If we or our third-party suppliers use hazardous, non-hazardous, biological or other materials in a manner that causes injury or violates applicable law, we may be liable for damages.
  • Risks Related to Our International Operations
  • As a company based outside of the United States, we are subject to economic, political, regulatory and other risks associated with international operations.
  • Exchange rate fluctuations may materially affect our results of operations and financial condition.
  • Risks Related to Intellectual Property
  • If we are unable to adequately protect our proprietary technology or obtain, maintain, protect and enforce patent and other intellectual property protection for our technology and products or if the scope of the protection obtained is not sufficiently broad, our competitors and other third parties could develop and commercialize technology and products similar or identical to ours, and our ability to successfully commercialize our technology and products may be impaired.
  • Obtaining and maintaining patent protection depends on compliance with various procedural, document submission, fee payment and other requirements imposed by patent agencies, and our patent protection could be reduced or eliminated for non-compliance with these requirements.
  • If we are unable to protect the confidentiality of our trade secrets, our business and competitive position may be harmed.
  • Third parties may initiate legal proceedings alleging that we are infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating their intellectual property or proprietary rights, the outcome of which would be uncertain and could have a material adverse effect on the success of our business.
  • We may be subject to damages resulting from claims that we or our employees have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets or other confidential information of our competitors or other third parties or are in breach of non-competition or non-solicitation agreements with our competitors or other third parties, or claims asserting ownership of what we regard as our own intellectual property.
  • We may become involved in lawsuits and/or administrative proceedings to protect or enforce our patents and other intellectual property rights, which could be expensive, time consuming and unsuccessful.
  • Intellectual property litigation and proceedings could cause us to spend substantial resources and distract our personnel from their normal responsibilities.
  • We may not be able to effectively enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights throughout the world.
  • If we do not obtain patent term extension and data exclusivity for any product candidates we may develop, our business may be materially harmed.
  • We may need to license certain intellectual property from third parties, and such licenses may not be available or may not be available on commercially reasonable terms.
  • If we fail to comply with our obligations in the agreements under which we collaborate with or license intellectual property rights from third parties, or otherwise experience disruptions to our business relationships with our collaborators or licensors, we could lose rights that are important to our business.
  • If our trademarks and trade names are not adequately protected, then this may impede our ability to build and sustain name recognition in our markets of interest and our business may be adversely affected.
  • Risks Related to Government Regulation
  • The FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities’ regulatory pathways can be difficult to predict and whether, for example, further unanticipated clinical trials are required, will depend on the data obtained in our ongoing clinical trials.
  • Reports of adverse events or safety concerns involving KIMMTRAK or our product candidates could delay or prevent us from obtaining or maintaining regulatory approvals or could negatively impact sales of our products or the prospects for our product candidates.
  • The FDA and other regulatory authorities actively enforce the laws and regulations prohibiting the promotion of off-label uses.
  • Obtaining and maintaining regulatory approval of our product candidates in one jurisdiction does not mean that we will be successful in obtaining regulatory approval of our product candidates in other jurisdictions.
  • If we are unable to successfully validate, develop and obtain regulatory approval or certification for companion diagnostic tests for our product candidates that require or would commercially benefit from such tests, or experience significant delays in doing so, we may not realize the full commercial potential of these product candidates.
  • We are subject to the U.K. Bribery Act 2010 (the "Bribery Act"), the FCPA, and other anti-corruption laws, as well as export control laws, import and customs laws, trade and economic sanctions laws and other laws governing our operations. Violations of such laws and regulations could subject us to liability.
  • If we fail to comply with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, we could become subject to fines or penalties or incur costs that could have a material adverse effect on the success of our business.
  • We may seek priority review designation for one or more of our other product candidates, but we might not receive such designation, and even if we do, such designation may not lead to a faster regulatory review or approval process.
  • We may seek Orphan Drug Designation for certain of our product candidates, and we may be unsuccessful or may be unable to maintain the benefits associated with Orphan Drug Designation, including the potential for market exclusivity.
  • A breakthrough therapy designation by the FDA, or a comparable foreign designation, even if granted for any of our product candidates, may not lead to a faster development, regulatory review or approval process, and each designation does not increase the likelihood that any of our product candidates will receive marketing approval in the United States.
  • The FDA, the EMA and other regulatory authorities may implement additional regulations or restrictions, and legislative bodies may enact new policies, including unfavorable pricing restrictions, that may adversely affect the development and commercialization of our product candidates, and such changes can be difficult to predict.
  • Our relationships with customers and third-party payors are subject to applicable anti-kickback, fraud and abuse and other healthcare laws and regulations, which could expose us to significant penalties, including criminal sanctions, civil penalties, exclusion from government healthcare programs, contractual damages, reputational harm and diminished profits and future earnings.
  • We may not be able to file applications to commence additional clinical trials on the timelines we expect, and even if we are able to, the FDA or applicable competent authorities may not permit us to proceed.
  • Changes in funding for the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities, the SEC, and other government agencies could hinder their ability to hire and retain key leadership and other personnel, prevent new products and services from being developed or commercialized in a timely manner or otherwise prevent those agencies or authorities from performing normal functions on which the operation of our business may rely, which could negatively impact our business.
  • Risks Relating to our Business Operations, Employee Matters and Managing Growth
  • Our future success depends on our ability to retain key executives and experienced scientists and to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel.
  • We expect to continue to expand our development, commercial and regulatory capabilities and have recently developed sales, marketing and distribution capabilities, and as a result, we may encounter difficulties in managing our growth, which could disrupt our operations.
  • Our employees, principal investigators, CROs, partners, vendors and consultants may engage in misconduct or other improper activities, including non-compliance with regulatory standards and requirements and insider trading.
  • Business disruptions could seriously harm our future revenue and financial condition and increase costs and expenses.

Legal proceedings

From time to time, we may become subject to arbitration, litigation or claims arising in the ordinary course of business. We are not currently a party to any arbitration or legal proceeding that, if determined adversely to us, would have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition. The results of any future claims or proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, and regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and litigation costs, diversion of management resources, and other factors.

The opening of Item 3, Legal Proceedings.16

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