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IPAR on Nasdaq

INTERPARFUMS INC

INTERPARFUMS INC is an American perfumes company based in New York, listed on Nasdaq (IPAR).1

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Last updated Oct 21, 2026.

Overview

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  • TickerIPAR on Nasdaq1
  • IndustryPerfumes, Cosmetics & Other Toilet Preparations1
  • HeadquartersNew York, New York1
  • Incorporated inDE2
  • Business address551 Fifth Ave, Ste 1500, New York, Ny 101762
  • Filer categoryLarge accelerated filer2

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Founded in 1982 , we operate in the fragrance business, and manufacture, market and distribute a wide array of prestige fragrances, and fragrance related products. Our worldwide headquarters and the office of our wholly owned United States subsidiary, Interparfums, USA LLC, are located at 551 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10176 , and our telephone number is 212.983.2640 . We also have wholly owned subsidiaries as follows:4 From its latest annual report

Financials

From the company’s reports to the SEC. Every number links to the filing it came from.

Key numbers, fiscal 2025

63.6%Gross margin5
18.2%Operating margin5
11.3%Net margin5
2.5%Revenue growth, 20255
19.1%Return on equity5
0.14×Debt to equity5
$190.5MFree cash flow5

What sells

Revenue by product, business segment and region, as the company reports it to the SEC.

Business segments

European based operations brought in 68% of the revenue INTERPARFUMS INC broke down this way in fiscal 2025.

  1. European based operations$1.0B568%up 7% from 2024
  2. United States based operations$482.4M532%down 6% from 2024
Business segments by year
Business segments202320242025
European based operations$861.9M$941.0M$1.0B
United States based operations$455.8M$511.3M$482.4M

Regions

North America brought in 33% of the revenue INTERPARFUMS INC broke down this way in fiscal 2025.

  1. North America$556.7M533%up 3% from 2024
  2. United States$532.4M531%up 2% from 2024
  3. Asia Pacific$189.0M511%down 4% from 2024
  4. Eastern Europe$121.1M57%up 2% from 2024
  5. Central and South America$120.6M57%up 11% from 2024
  6. Middle East And Africa$117.9M57%down 4% from 2024
  7. France$72.9M54%up 11% from 2024
Regions by year
Regions202320242025
North America$511.7M$541.9M$556.7M
United States$493.2M$522.1M$532.4M
Asia Pacific$191.8M$197.0M$189.0M
Eastern Europe$103.2M$118.1M$121.1M
Central and South America$92.7M$108.2M$120.6M
Middle East And Africa$117.1M$122.8M$117.9M
France$51.0M$65.4M$72.9M

Where the money goes

Where each dollar of revenue went, fiscal 2025

  • Cost of revenue36¢$541.3M
  • Selling, general and admin45¢$676.9M
  • Other costs3¢$38.7M
  • Income tax4¢$63.2M
  • Profit11¢$168.4M

Out of $1.5B in revenue.5

Where each dollar of operating cash went, fiscal 2025

  • Capital spending11¢$24.4M
  • Dividends paid48¢$102.7M
  • Kept or used elsewhere41¢$87.8M

Out of $214.9M of cash from operations.5

Financial statements

Revenue675$1.5B in 2025+1229% since 2019
0$500.0M$1.0B$1.5B2019: $112.0M$112.0M20192020: $71.5M$71.5M2020−36%2021: $879.5M$879.5M2021+1130%2022: $1.1B$1.1B2022+24%2023: $1.3B$1.3B2023+21%2024: $1.5B$1.5B2024+10%2025: $1.5B$1.5B2025+2%
Gross profit897105$947.2M in 2025+112% since 2019
0$250.0M$500.0M$750.0M$1.0B2019: $445.9M$445.9M20192020: $330.7M$330.7M2020−26%2021: $556.9M$556.9M2021+68%2022: $694.4M$694.4M2022+25%2023: $839.1M$839.1M2023+21%2024: $927.3M$927.3M2024+11%2025: $947.2M$947.2M2025+2%
Operating income897105$270.3M in 2025+158% since 2019
0$100.0M$200.0M$300.0M2019: $104.7M$104.7M20192020: $70.1M$70.1M2020−33%2021: $148.1M$148.1M2021+111%2022: $194.3M$194.3M2022+31%2023: $251.4M$251.4M2023+29%2024: $274.8M$274.8M2024+9%2025: $270.3M$270.3M2025−2%
Net income897105$168.4M in 2025+179% since 2019
0$50.0M$100.0M$150.0M$200.0M2019: $60.2M$60.2M20192020: $38.2M$38.2M2020−37%2021: $87.4M$87.4M2021+129%2022: $120.9M$120.9M2022+38%2023: $152.7M$152.7M2023+26%2024: $164.4M$164.4M2024+8%2025: $168.4M$168.4M2025+2%

Every line of the income statement as filed: the last 3 fiscal years, latest first.5

Period ending2025-12-312024-12-312023-12-31
Net sales$1.5B$1.5B$1.3B
Cost of sales$541.3M$525.0M$478.6M
Gross margin$947.2M$927.3M$839.1M
Selling, general, and administrative expenses$676.9M$648.5M$587.7M
Impairment loss$0$4.0M$0
Income from operations$270.3M$274.8M$251.4M
Interest expense$7.2M$7.8M$11.3M
Loss on foreign currency$4.8M$1.1M$1.6M
Interest and investment income-$3.9M-$2.2M-$10.7M
Other income-$9.2M-$287.0K-$317.0K
Nonoperating Income (Expense)-$1.0M$6.4M$1.8M
Income before income taxes$271.3M$268.4M$249.6M
Income taxes$63.2M$65.0M$61.8M
Net income$208.1M$203.4M$187.8M
Less: Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest$39.8M$39.1M$35.1M
Net income attributable to Interparfums, Inc.$168.4M$164.4M$152.7M
Basic (in dollars per share)$5.25$5.13$4.77
Diluted (in dollars per share)$5.24$5.12$4.75
Basic (in shares)32.1M shares32.0M shares32.0M shares
Diluted (in shares)32.1M shares32.1M shares32.1M shares
Dividends declared per share$3.20$3.00$2.50

Compare INTERPARFUMS INC with another company

Corporate structure

INTERPARFUMS INC sits at the top of its group. 10 entities, 8 countries on record. Switch between the flow chart and the network, and select any entity to see its details.

Major holders of INTERPARFUMS INC

  • VANGUARD GROUP INC Filed SCHEDULE 13G/A on INTERPARFUMS INC, latest Mar 27, 2026 (4 filings since Feb 10, 2022)
  • BlackRock Filed SC 13G/A on INTERPARFUMS INC, latest Jan 25, 2024 (3 filings since Feb 1, 2022)
  • Ameriprise Financial Filed SC 13G/A on INTERPARFUMS INC, latest Feb 14, 2023 (2 filings since Feb 14, 2022)
  • INTERPARFUMS INC New York, New York
    • Divabox SAS Subsidiary · France
    • Inter Parfums USA Hong Kong Limited Subsidiary · Hong Kong
    • Interparfums Italia Srl Subsidiary · Italy
    • Interparfums Korea Subsidiary · South Korea
    • Interparfums Luxury Brands, Inc. Subsidiary · Delaware, United States
    • Interparfums Middle East DMCC Subsidiary · United Arab Emirates
    • Interparfums, USA LLC Subsidiary · New York, United States
    • Interparfums, USA Swiss SA Subsidiary · Switzerland
    • Parfums Rochas Spain, SL Subsidiary · Spain

Built from subsidiaries listed in Exhibit 21 of annual reports filed with the SEC; major holders from Schedules 13D and 13G. Each entity in the chart links to its source.

What it owns

What INTERPARFUMS INC reports owning in its annual reports to the SEC: buildings, land and equipment, real estate and locations, investments, intangible assets and inventory, at the end of its latest fiscal year and a year before.

Property and equipment

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Property and equipment, before depreciation$263.9M5 Dec 31, 2025$216.0M5 Dec 31, 2024+22.1%
Accumulated depreciation$79.0M5 Dec 31, 2025$62.3M5 Dec 31, 2024+26.8%
Property and equipment, net$184.9M5 Dec 31, 2025$153.8M5 Dec 31, 2024+20.2%
Operating-lease assets (leased space)$23.3M5 Dec 31, 2025$24.6M5 Dec 31, 2024−5.1%

Investments

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Marketable securities, current$137.1M5 Dec 31, 2025$109.3M5 Dec 31, 2024+25.4%

Intangibles and goodwill

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Intangible assets, net (excluding goodwill)$325.2M5 Dec 31, 2025$282.5M5 Dec 31, 2024+15.1%
Indefinite-lived intangibles (excluding goodwill)$153.5M5 Dec 31, 2025$116.2M5 Dec 31, 2024+32.1%
Finite-lived intangibles, gross$294.1M5 Dec 31, 2025$263.8M5 Dec 31, 2024+11.5%
Accumulated amortization$122.4M5 Dec 31, 2025$97.5M5 Dec 31, 2024+25.6%
Finite-lived intangibles, net$171.7M5 Dec 31, 2025$166.3M5 Dec 31, 2024+3.2%

Inventory

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Inventory, total$351.4M5 Dec 31, 2025$371.9M5 Dec 31, 2024−5.5%
Finished goods$221.7M5 Dec 31, 2025$234.3M5 Dec 31, 2024−5.4%

Properties, in its own words

We maintain our corporate headquarters and United States based operations in approximately 32,000 square feet with a term that expires on December 31, 2029, and have been at the same location in New York City since 1992. We also have a 140,000 square foot distribution center in New Jersey, and this lease expired on January 31, 2026 after which we entered into a month to month arrangement. In addition, we have entered into a 5 year Logistics Services Agreement with Ceva Air & Ocean USA Inc., and which may be terminated sooner by either party upon 90 days' notice. In October 2021 we leased office space in Florence, Italy for a 6-year term with an option for an additional 6 years for Interparfums Italia Srl, and office space in Paris, France. We also maintain a distribution center in Liscate, Italy. In 2023, we obtained a small, leased space for our new sales subsidiaries in Dubai and Switzerland, in addition to maintaining a leased sales office in Hong Kong.

Since March 2022, our European based operations have maintained their corporate headquarters at 10 rue de Solférino in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. This is an office complex combining three buildings connected by two inner courtyards and consists of approximately 40,000 total sq. ft. United States distribution operations for European based operations maintain their headquarters in New York City, with a lease that expires in May 2029. Since 2022, we also purchased several small apartments at 96 rue de l’Université, Paris adjacent to the main office complex and are converting them into additional offices. An office is located in Singapore for Asia-Pacific distribution and one in Madrid for PRS activities. A new office has been established in Seoul for the newly created Korean affiliate.

The rest of Item 2

In addition, European based operations maintain an approximately 37,000 square meters (approximately 398,265 square feet) distribution center located in Criquebeuf sur Seine, France, with a term that expires May 2027 and an option to extend the term for an additional two years. Interparfums SA also has several agreements for warehousing and distribution services which are renewed on a three-year basis. Fees for such services are partially calculated based upon a percentage of sales, which is customary in the industry.

On July 1, 2025, the U.S. affiliate of Interparfums SA, Interparfums Luxury Brands, Inc., entered into a new warehousing services agreement with ADS (Advanced Distribution Systems, Inc), with a term extending through December 31, 2029.

We believe our office and warehouse facilities are satisfactory for our present needs and those for the foreseeable future.

Item 2 of the 10-K filed Mar 10, 2026.4

Leadership

Who has led INTERPARFUMS INC, and when. Pick a name to see everywhere that person has worked.

Chief executive

  1. Jean Madar2006
  2. Philippe Benacin2006–2012
  3. Benacin Holding Sas Philippe2012
  4. Madar Holding Sas Jean2012–2016

President

  1. Philippe Benacin2006–2008
  2. Henry B. Clarke2008–2017
  3. Benacin Holding Sas Philippe2012–2016

Chief financial officer

  1. Russell Greenberg2006–2022
  2. Philippe Santi2007–2023
  3. Michel D. Atwood2022–now

Chief operating officer

  1. Pelayo Frederic Garcia2022–2024
2010201520202025
Board members and other officers (29)

Subsidiaries and ownership

Subsidiaries (Exhibit 21)

  • Divabox SAS France3
  • Inter Parfums USA Hong Kong Limited Hong Kong3
  • Interparfums Italia Srl Florence, Italy3
  • Interparfums Korea South Korea3
  • Interparfums Luxury Brands, Inc. Delaware3
  • Interparfums Middle East DMCC Dubai, United Arab Emirates3
  • Interparfums SA France3
  • Interparfums, USA LLC New York3
  • Interparfums, USA Swiss SA Switzerland3
  • Parfums Rochas Spain, SL Spain3

The subsidiaries the company lists in Exhibit 21 of its annual report, as filed.

Former names

  • INTER PARFUMS INCNov 24, 1999 to Sep 19, 20242
  • JEAN PHILIPPE FRAGRANCES INCAug 11, 1995 to Feb 10, 19992

Timeline

  1. Sep 22, 20268-K Other events45
  2. Sep 17, 20268-K Other events46
  3. Sep 16, 20268-K Shareholder vote; Other events47
  4. Aug 4, 20268-K Results of operations; Regulation FD disclosure; Other events48
  5. Jul 22, 20268-K Results of operations; Regulation FD disclosure49
  6. May 13, 20268-K Change of auditor50
  7. May 5, 20268-K Results of operations; Regulation FD disclosure; Other events51
  8. Apr 21, 20268-K Results of operations; Regulation FD disclosure52
  9. Feb 24, 20268-K Results of operations; Regulation FD disclosure; Other events53
  10. Jan 29, 20268-K Regulation FD disclosure; Other events54
  11. Jan 29, 20268-K Regulation FD disclosure; Other events55
  12. Jan 26, 20268-K Other events56
  13. Jan 3, 2012New chief executive Madar Holding Sas Jean becomes CEO15
  14. Jan 3, 2012New chief executive Benacin Holding Sas Philippe becomes CEO14
  15. Mar 29, 2006New chief executive Philippe Benacin becomes CEO17
  16. Mar 23, 2006New chief executive Jean Madar becomes CEO16

Calendar

Coming up

  1. Nov 4, 2026Reports results for the quarter ending Sep/2026 A year earlier it reported $2.05 a share, on Nov 5, 2025.57

When it reported results

  1. Aug 4, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results48
  2. Jul 22, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results49
  3. May 5, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results51
  4. Apr 21, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results52
  5. Feb 24, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results53
  6. Jan 21, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results58
  7. Nov 5, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results59
  8. Oct 20, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results60

Upcoming dates from Nasdaq's calendar; past results from the company's 8-K filings (Item 2.02). The full markets calendar

Filings

250 filings to the SEC since October 2021: 5 annual reports, 16 quarterly reports, 73 major events, 114 insider forms, 9 large holders, 33 other. The latest 20:

  1. Sep 22, 20268-K EDGAR
  2. Sep 17, 20268-K EDGAR
  3. Sep 16, 20263/A PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  4. Sep 16, 20263/A PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  5. Sep 16, 20268-K EDGAR
  6. Sep 16, 20263 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  7. Sep 16, 20263 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  8. Aug 27, 2026144 EDGAR
  9. Aug 27, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  10. Aug 13, 2026DEFA14A DEFA 14A EDGAR
  11. Aug 4, 20268-K EDGAR
  12. Aug 4, 202610-Q EDGAR
  13. Jul 31, 2026DEF 14A EDGAR
  14. Jul 31, 2026ARS EDGAR
  15. Jul 22, 20268-K EDGAR
  16. May 13, 20268-K EDGAR
  17. May 5, 20268-K EDGAR
  18. May 5, 202610-Q EDGAR
  19. Apr 21, 20268-K EDGAR
  20. Apr 3, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR

The 250 filings since October 2021 can be filtered by form type and year here when JavaScript is on.

Every filing from the last five years, summarized. The full record is on SEC EDGAR.

Insider trades

64 open-market trades by officers, directors and large owners since October 2021: 0 buys and 64 sales. Grants, option exercises and gifts are left out.

DateWhoTradeSharesPriceValueFiling
Aug 27, 2026Gabai-Pinsky VeroniqueDirectorSale900$116.86$105.2KForm 4
Apr 2, 2026Jean Madar Holding SAS10% ownerSale20,000$91.02$1.8MForm 4
Dec 11, 2025Philippe Benacin Holding SAS10% ownerSale25,000$83.24$2.1MForm 4
Jun 23, 2025Harrison GilbertDirectorSale400$133.96$53.6KForm 4
Jun 11, 2025SANTI PHILIPPEExec VP Interparfums SASale1,000$139.28$139.3KForm 4
Jun 10, 2025SANTI PHILIPPEExec VP Interparfums SASale1,000$139.23$139.2KForm 4
May 22, 2025MADAR JEANCEOSale13,000$129.17$1.7MForm 4
May 13, 2025Gabai-Pinsky VeroniqueDirectorSale1,500$122.15$183.2KForm 4
Mar 21, 2025Philippe Benacin Holding SAS10% ownerSale25,000$117.38$2.9MForm 4
Nov 22, 2024Harrison GilbertDirectorSale200$132.96$26.6KForm 4
Nov 22, 2024GARCIA PELAYO FREDERICExec. VP & COO Interparfums SASale4,000$133.04$532.2KForm 4
Nov 15, 2024Harrison GilbertDirectorSale100$124.53$12.5KForm 4
Aug 19, 2024Gabai-Pinsky VeroniqueDirectorSale1,500$125.96$188.9KForm 4
Mar 4, 2024BENACIN PHILIPPEPresident Interparfums SASale25,000$141.77$3.5MForm 4
Mar 1, 2024Harrison GilbertDirectorSale250$146.69$36.7KForm 4
Feb 8, 2024Harrison GilbertDirectorSale250$150.42$37.6KForm 4
Jan 8, 2024SANTI PHILIPPEExec VP Interparfums SASale1,000$137.11$137.1KForm 4
Jan 5, 2024SANTI PHILIPPEExec VP Interparfums SASale1,000$135.57$135.6KForm 4
Jan 4, 2024SANTI PHILIPPEExec VP Interparfums SASale2,000$135.56$271.1KForm 4
Dec 28, 2023MADAR JEANCEOSale2,000$146.50$293.0KForm 4

All 64 trades can be filtered by person here when JavaScript is on.

From Forms 4 filed with the SEC.

Major holders

Investors who own more than 5% of the shares must tell the SEC: a 13D if they may seek to influence the company, a 13G if they hold passively.

Executive pay

What the company paid its top executives, from the summary compensation table in its proxy statement. Total pay includes salary, bonus, stock and option awards and other pay, as the company valued them.

YearExecutiveAgeSalaryTotal pay
2025Jean Madar,$2.0M$2.1M64
2025Philippe BenacinPresident$846.6K$1.5M64
2025Philippe SantiExecutive Vice$547.6K$1.2M64
2025HerveBouillonnec$927.0K$1.1M64
2025Michel Atwood$721.0K$913.1K64
2024Chairman and$2.0M64
2024InterparfumsInc. and Chief Executive$821.5K$1.3M64
2024Global Chief Commercial Officer$900.0K$1.2M64
2024PresidentInterparfums SA$513.6K$989.2K64
2024Chief Financial Officer$700.0K$958.3K64
2023Chief Executive Officer$2.0M64
2023of InterparfumsUSA LLC$850.0K$1.1M64
2023Officer of Interparfums SA$795.0K$1.0M64
2023PresidentInterparfums SA$495.7K$1.0M64
2023Chief Financial Officer$525.0K$790.3K64

Held by these funds

The largest holders among investment managers' 13F reports for the quarter ending Jun 30, 2026, the top 25 of 100. Change is in shares since the quarter before.

FundSharesValueShare of the fundChange
BlackRock, Inc.2,916,610$326.3M0.0%+182,195
Morgan Stanley1,332,120$149.0M0.0%+17,955
Vanguard Portfolio Management LLC1,305,673$146.1M0.0%+40,283
First Trust Advisors LP1,036,004$115.9M0.1%+156,999
Westwood Holdings Group Inc886,100$99.1M0.7%−119,494
Dimensional Fund Advisors LP866,595$96.9M0.0%+70,406
Royce & Associates LP864,092$96.7M0.8%+41,132
Vanguard Capital Management LLC797,275$89.2M0.0%+8,954
State Street Corp747,627$83.6M0.0%+39,329
Charles Schwab Investment Management Inc716,526$80.2M0.0%+74,792
Geode Capital Management, LLC492,789$55.1M0.0%+26,907
Victory Capital Management Inc478,198$53.5M0.0%+66,720
Invesco Ltd.473,756$53.0M0.0%+47,670
Bahl & Gaynor LLC432,748$48.4M0.2%+4,203
Deprince Race & Zollo Inc427,722$47.8M0.8%+94,355
Mawer Investment Management Ltd.386,090$43.2M0.3%+75,236
Northern Trust Corp345,207$38.6M0.0%+8,539
Bank of New York Mellon Corp318,282$35.6M0.0%+12,718
Goldman Sachs Group Inc315,449$35.3M0.0%+139,075
Bank Of America Corp /de/279,994$31.3M0.0%+30,340
Raymond James Financial Inc260,445$29.1M0.0%+57,391
Cooke & Bieler LP233,810$26.2M0.3%New
London Co Of Virginia180,209$20.2M0.1%−7,834
Sei Investments Co178,099$19.9M0.0%−51,974
Two Sigma Investments, LP172,054$19.2M0.0%+141,913

13F reports cover disclosed long positions in U.S. stocks only.

SEC filer profile

How INTERPARFUMS INC is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, from its EDGAR record and the cover page of its latest annual report.

  • Name on EDGARINTERPARFUMS INC1
  • CIK0000822663
  • Employer ID (EIN)13-32756094
  • Filer statusLarge accelerated filer not an emerging growth company; not a smaller reporting company; not a shell company4
  • Incorporated inDelaware4
  • Fiscal year endsDecember 311
  • Industry code (SIC)2844 Perfumes, Cosmetics & Other Toilet Preparations1
  • SEC reviewing officeOffice of Industrial Applications and Services, Division of Corporation Finance1
  • Business address551 Fifth Ave, Ste 1500, New York, NY 101761
  • Mailing address551 Fifth Avenue, Ste 1500, New York, NY 101761
  • Phone21298326401
  • Shares outstanding32,025,781 as of Aug 4, 202613
  • Public float$2.4B as of Jun 30, 20254
  • AuditorForvis Mazars, LLP, New York, New York PCAOB ID 686; it also attests to the company’s internal control over financial reporting4
  • On EDGAR sinceMay 12, 19951
  • Filings1,747 in all: 4 (906), 8-K (337), 10-Q (95), 4/A (68), SC 13G/A (60), SC 13G (34), DEF 14A (32), 10-K (28)1
    All 35 form types

    5 (25), UPLOAD (23), 144 (19), 3 (17), ARS (17), CORRESP (16), CT ORDER (11), S-8 (9), 10-Q/A (6), PRE 14A (6), SC 13D/A (5), 10-K/A (4), 8-K/A (4), NT 10-K (4), 10-K405 (3), SC 13D (3), 3/A (2), 5/A (2), S-3 (2), S-3/A (2), 11-K (1), 424B3 (1), 424B4 (1), DEFA14A (1), EFFECT (1), NT 10-Q (1), SCHEDULE 13G/A (1)

  • Latest filingsAnnual report (10-K) Mar 10, 2026
    Quarterly report (10-Q) Aug 4, 2026
    Proxy statement (DEF 14A) Jul 31, 2026
    Latest 8-K (8-K) Sep 22, 2026

Securities registered for trading

ClassSymbolExchange
Common Stock, $.001 par value per shareIPARNasdaq

From the cover page of the 10-K filed Mar 10, 2026 (Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act).4

Risk factors and legal proceedings

The risks INTERPARFUMS INC names in Item 1A of its 10-K filed Mar 10, 2026: 32 risks under these headings, as written.4

  • We are dependent upon the continuation and renewal of various licenses and other agreements for a significant portion of our sales, and the loss of one or more licenses or agreements could have a material adverse effect on us.
  • If we are unable to acquire or license additional brands or obtain the required financing for these agreements and arrangements, then the growth of our business could be impaired.
  • We may engage in future acquisitions that we may not be able to successfully integrate or manage. These acquisitions may dilute our stockholders and cause us to incur debt and assume contingent liabilities.
  • Joint arrangements or strategic alliances in geographic markets in which we have limited, or no prior experience may expose us to additional risks.
  • If we are unable to protect our intellectual property rights, specifically trademarks and brand names, our ability to compete could be negatively impacted.
  • If our intangible assets, such as trademarks and licenses, become impaired, we may be required to record a significant non-cash charge to earnings which would negatively impact our results of operations.
  • The illegal distribution and sale by third parties of counterfeit versions of the Company’s products or the unauthorized diversion by third parties of the Company’s products could have an adverse effect on the Company’s revenues and a negative impact on the Company’s reputation and business.
  • Our success depends on our ability to operate our business without infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating the trademarks, patents, copyrights and proprietary rights of other parties.
  • Although we weathered the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects to date, if this pandemic reemerges or another pandemic emerges, any pandemic may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
  • Consumers may reduce discretionary purchases of our products as a result of a general economic downturn.
  • We are subject to risks related to our foreign operations, and a disruption in our operations or supply chain could adversely affect our business and financial results.
  • Risks Associated with Changes in International Trade Policies, Tariffs and Cross-Border Operations
The other 20 risks
  • Terrorist attacks, acts of war or military actions, other civil unrest or natural disasters may adversely affect territories in which we operate, and therefore affect our business, financial condition and operating results.
  • The loss of or disruption in our distribution facilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.
  • Changes in foreign tax provisions, the adoption of new tax legislation or exposure to additional tax liabilities could affect our profitability and cash flows.
  • The international character of our business renders us subject to fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates and international trade tariffs, barriers and other restrictions.
  • Changing political conditions could adversely impact our business and financial results.
  • The war between Russia and Ukraine, and the war with Iran or Iranian sponsored actors could adversely impact our business and financial results.
  • We are dependent upon Messrs. Jean Madar and Philippe Benacin, and the loss of their services could harm our business.
  • Our reliance on third party manufacturers could have a material adverse effect on us.
  • Our reliance on third party distributors could have a material adverse effect on us.
  • Our business could be negatively impacted by social impact and sustainability matters.
  • President Trump’s anti-DEI sentiment could subject our business to potential claims.
  • We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. If we are unable to remediate these material weaknesses or if we identify additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately or timely report financial information.
  • The success of our products is dependent on public taste.
  • We are subject to extreme competition in the fragrance industry.
  • Changes in laws, regulations and policies that affect our business could adversely affect our financial results.
  • Our success depends, in part, on the quality and safety of our products.
  • Our failure to protect our reputation, or the failure of our partners to protect their reputations, could have a material adverse effect on our brands’ images.
  • Our information systems and websites may be susceptible to outages, hacking and other cybersecurity risks.
  • We have started using artificial intelligence (“AI”), and improper use by us or third parties could have an adverse impact on our brands, business and results of operations.
  • The trading prices of our securities periodically may rise or fall based on the accuracy of predictions of our earnings or other financial performance.

Legal proceedings

We are not a party to any material lawsuits.

The opening of Item 3, Legal Proceedings.4

Sources

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