NAGE on Nasdaq

Niagen Bioscience, Inc.

American medicinal chemicals and botanical products company1

In its 2026 annual report the company says: “We are a global bioscience company dedicated to promoting healthy aging. Our team, which includes world-renowned scientists, is pioneering research on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an essential coenzyme that regulates cellular metabolism and is present in every cell of the human body. We are at the forefront of developing and commercializing effective methods to support NAD+ levels and promote healthy aging.”4 It is headquartered in Los Angeles, California.1 Its shares trade on Nasdaq under the symbol NAGE.1

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Last updated Oct 21, 2026.

Overview

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  • TickerNAGE on Nasdaq1
  • IndustryMedicinal Chemicals & Botanical Products1
  • HeadquartersLos Angeles, California1
  • Incorporated inDE2
  • Business address10900 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 600, Los Angeles, Ca 900242
  • Filer categoryLarge accelerated filer2
  • Legal formCorporation

On May 21, 2008, Cody Resources, Inc., a Nevada corporation and a public company, (Cody) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (Merger Agreement), by and among Cody, CDI Acquisition, Inc., a California corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Cody (Acquisition Sub), and ChromaDex, Inc. (Merger). Subsequent to the signing of the Merger Agreement, Cody merged with and into a Delaware corporation. On June 20, 2008, Cody amended its articles of incorporation to change its name to ChromaDex Corporation. On April 25, 2016, ChromaDex Corporation became listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market (Nasdaq).4 From its latest annual report

Financials

From the company’s reports to the SEC. Every number links to the filing it came from.

Key numbers, fiscal 2025

64.3%Gross margin5
12.6%Operating margin5
13.4%Net margin5
29.9%Revenue growth, 20255
22.7%Return on equity5

What sells

Revenue by product, business segment and region, as the company reports it to the SEC.

Business segments

Consumer Products brought in 75% of the revenue Niagen Bioscience, Inc. broke down this way in fiscal 2025.

  1. Consumer Products$97.7M575%up 27% from 2024
  2. Ingredients$28.7M522%up 45% from 2024
  3. Analytical Reference Standards and Services$3.1M52%up 2% from 2024
Business segments by year
Business segments20242025
Consumer Products$76.8M$97.7M
Ingredients$19.8M$28.7M
Analytical Reference Standards and Services$3.0M$3.1M

Where the money goes

Where each dollar of revenue went, fiscal 2025

  • Cost of revenue36¢$46.2M
  • Research and development5¢$6.3M
  • Other costs45¢$58.7M
  • Income tax1¢$810.0K
  • Profit13¢$17.4M

Out of $129.4M in revenue.5

Where each dollar of operating cash went, fiscal 2025

  • Share buybacks2¢$251.0K
  • Kept or used elsewhere98¢$13.3M

Out of $13.5M of cash from operations.5

Financial statements

Revenue6789105$129.4M in 2025+180% since 2019
0$50.0M$100.0M$150.0M2019: $46.3M$46.3M20192020: $59.3M$59.3M2020+28%2021: $67.4M$67.4M2021+14%2022: $72.0M$72.0M2022+7%2023: $83.6M$83.6M2023+16%2024: $99.6M$99.6M2024+19%2025: $129.4M$129.4M2025+30%
Gross profit6789105$83.2M in 2025+223% since 2019
0$25.0M$50.0M$75.0M$100.0M2019: $25.8M$25.8M20192020: $35.3M$35.3M2020+37%2021: $41.5M$41.5M2021+18%2022: $42.8M$42.8M2022+3%2023: $50.8M$50.8M2023+19%2024: $61.6M$61.6M2024+21%2025: $83.2M$83.2M2025+35%
Operating income6789105$16.3M in 2025
-$40.0M-$20.0M0$20.0M2019: -$31.3M-$31.3M20192020: -$19.9M-$19.9M2020−37%2021: -$27.1M-$27.1M2021+36%2022: -$18.6M-$18.6M2022−31%2023: -$5.6M-$5.6M2023−70%2024: $7.7M$7.7M20242025: $16.3M$16.3M2025+111%
Net income6789105$17.4M in 2025
-$40.0M-$20.0M0$20.0M2019: -$32.1M-$32.1M20192020: -$19.9M-$19.9M2020−38%2021: -$27.1M-$27.1M2021+36%2022: -$16.5M-$16.5M2022−39%2023: -$4.9M-$4.9M2023−70%2024: $8.6M$8.6M20242025: $17.4M$17.4M2025+103%

Every line of the income statement as filed: the last 2 fiscal years, latest first.5

Period ending2025-12-312024-12-31
Sales, net$129.4M$99.6M
Cost of sales$46.2M$38.0M
Gross profit$83.2M$61.6M
Sales and marketing$35.5M$29.5M
Research and development$6.3M$6.0M
General and administrative$27.1M$18.4M
Gain on settlement of royalty obligation-$2.0M$0
Total operating expenses, net$66.9M$53.9M
Operating income$16.3M$7.7M
Investment Income, Interest$2.1M$1.1M
IRS ERTC disallowance-$214.0K$0
Total nonoperating income, net$1.9M$1.1M
Income before provision for income taxes$18.2M$8.9M
Provision for income taxes$810.0K$305.0K
Net income$17.4M$8.6M
Basic (in dollars per share)$0.22$0.11
Diluted (in dollars per share)$0.20$0.11
Basic (in shares)79.2M shares75.9M shares
Diluted (in shares)85.4M shares78.1M shares

Compare Niagen Bioscience, Inc. with another company

Corporate structure

Niagen Bioscience, Inc. sits at the top of its group. 11 entities, 6 countries on record. Switch between the flow chart and the network, and select any entity to see its details.

Major holders of Niagen Bioscience, Inc.

  • BlackRock Filed SCHEDULE 13G on Niagen Bioscience, Inc., latest Jul 29, 2026
  • VANGUARD GROUP INC Filed SCHEDULE 13G/A on Niagen Bioscience, Inc., latest Jan 30, 2026 (2 filings since Oct 31, 2025)
  • Pioneer Step Holdings Ltd Filed SC 13D/A on Niagen Bioscience, Inc., latest Aug 21, 2024 (3 filings since May 20, 2022)
  • Prime Tech Global Ltd Filed SC 13D/A on Niagen Bioscience, Inc., latest Aug 21, 2024
  • Champion River Ventures Ltd Filed SC 13D/A on Niagen Bioscience, Inc., latest Sep 7, 2023 (2 filings since Oct 3, 2022)
  • Societe des Produits Nestle S.A. Filed SC 13G on Niagen Bioscience, Inc., latest Oct 19, 2022
  • Yong Rong (HK) Asset Management Ltd Filed SC 13G/A on Niagen Bioscience, Inc., latest Jun 27, 2022 (2 filings since Feb 11, 2022)
  • Li Ka Shing Filed SC 13D/A on Niagen Bioscience, Inc., latest May 20, 2022
  • Li Ka Shing (Global) Foundation Filed SC 13G/A on Niagen Bioscience, Inc., latest Feb 11, 2022
  • Niagen Bioscience, Inc. Los Angeles, California
    • Asia Pacific Scientific, Inc. Subsidiary · Cayman Islands
    • ChromaDex Analytics, Inc. Subsidiary · Nevada, United States
    • ChromaDex Asia Limited Subsidiary · Hong Kong
    • ChromaDex Asia Pacific Ventures Limited Subsidiary · Hong Kong
    • ChromaDex Europa B.V. Subsidiary · Netherlands
    • ChromaDex International, Inc. Subsidiary · Cayman Islands
    • ChromaDex Trading (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Subsidiary · China
    • ChromaDex UK Limited Subsidiary · United Kingdom
    • ChromaDex, Inc. Subsidiary · California, United States
    • NAD Pharmaceuticals Corp. Subsidiary · Nevada, United States

Built from subsidiaries listed in Exhibit 21 of annual reports filed with the SEC; major holders from Schedules 13D and 13G. Each entity in the chart links to its source.

What it owns

What Niagen Bioscience, Inc. reports owning in its annual reports to the SEC: buildings, land and equipment, real estate and locations, investments, intangible assets and inventory, at the end of its latest fiscal year and a year before.

Property and equipment

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Operating-lease assets (leased space)$2.2M5 Dec 31, 2025$1.7M5 Dec 31, 2024+26.7%

Investments

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Cash and cash equivalents$44.5M10 Dec 31, 2024$27.2M9 Dec 31, 2023+63.6%

Intangibles and goodwill

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Intangible assets, net (excluding goodwill)$5.7M5 Dec 31, 2025$359.0K5 Dec 31, 2024+1476.6%
Accumulated amortization$2.1M5 Dec 31, 2025$2.0M5 Dec 31, 2024+2.8%
Finite-lived intangibles, net$5.7M5 Dec 31, 2025$359.0K5 Dec 31, 2024+1476.6%

Inventory

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Inventory, total$9.2M10 Dec 31, 2024$14.5M10 Dec 31, 2023−36.7%
Raw materials$7.5M5 Dec 31, 2025$757.0K5 Dec 31, 2024+886.8%
Work in process$3.1M5 Dec 31, 2025$2.1M5 Dec 31, 2024+45.3%
Finished goods$9.9M5 Dec 31, 2025$5.8M5 Dec 31, 2024+69.7%

Properties, in its own words

As of December 31, 2025, we lease (i) approximately 10,000 square feet of office space in Los Angeles, California with roughly one year remaining on the lease, (ii) approximately 20,000 square feet of space for a research and development laboratory in Longmont, Colorado with roughly five years remaining on the lease, and (iii) approximately 8,000 square feet of office space in Tustin, California with roughly three years remaining on the lease. We do not own any real estate. The below table illustrates the use of each property by our business segments.

Business Segment · Property Used

The rest of Item 2

Consumer Products · All properties

Ingredients · All properties

Analytical Reference Standards and Services · All properties

For the year ended December 31, 2025, our total annual rent expense was approximately $1,330,000.

Item 2 of the 10-K filed Mar 4, 2026.4

Leadership

Who has led Niagen Bioscience, Inc., and when. Pick a name to see everywhere that person has worked.

Board members and other officers (33)

Named in SEC Form D filings

People the company listed in its private-offering notices.

  • DirectorGary N. Ng named Oct 14, 202258
  • DirectorSteven N. Rubin named Oct 14, 202258
  • DirectorWendy N. Yu named Oct 14, 202258

Subsidiaries and ownership

Subsidiaries (Exhibit 21)

  • Asia Pacific Scientific, Inc. Cayman Islands3
  • ChromaDex Analytics, Inc. Nevada3
  • ChromaDex Asia Limited Hong Kong3
  • ChromaDex Asia Pacific Ventures Limited Hong Kong3
  • ChromaDex Europa B.V. Netherlands3
  • ChromaDex International, Inc. Cayman Islands3
  • ChromaDex Trading (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. China3
  • ChromaDex UK Limited United Kingdom3
  • ChromaDex, Inc. California3
  • NAD Pharmaceuticals Corp. Nevada3

The subsidiaries the company lists in Exhibit 21 of its annual report, as filed.

Former names

  • ChromaDex Corp.Jun 25, 2008 to Mar 10, 20252
  • CODY RESOURCES, INC.Jan 18, 2007 to Jun 24, 20082

Timeline

  1. Aug 4, 20268-K Results of operations; Regulation FD disclosure59
  2. Jun 29, 20268-K Shareholder vote60
  3. May 6, 20268-K Results of operations; Regulation FD disclosure61
  4. Mar 19, 20268-K Other events62
  5. Mar 4, 20268-K Results of operations; Regulation FD disclosure63
  6. Feb 26, 20268-K Regulation FD disclosure; Other events64
  7. Dec 22, 20258-K Entered a material agreement; Regulation FD disclosure65
  8. Nov 6, 20258-K Other events66
  9. Nov 4, 20258-K Results of operations; Regulation FD disclosure67
  10. Oct 6, 20258-K Regulation FD disclosure68
  11. Aug 6, 20258-K Results of operations; Regulation FD disclosure69
  12. Jul 29, 20258-K Entered a material agreement70
  13. Jun 26, 2018New chief executive Robert N. Fried becomes CEO14
  14. Feb 1, 2012New chief executive Jeffrey Himmel becomes CEO15
  15. Jun 25, 2008New chief executive Frank L. Jaksch Jr. becomes CEO16

Calendar

Coming up

  1. Nov 4, 2026 · After the closeReports results for the quarter ending Sep/2026 A year earlier it reported $0.05 a share, on Nov 4, 2025.71

When it reported results

  1. Aug 4, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results59
  2. May 6, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results61
  3. Mar 4, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results63
  4. Nov 4, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results67
  5. Aug 6, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results69
  6. May 7, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results72
  7. Mar 4, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results73
  8. Oct 31, 2024Reported quarterly or annual results74

Upcoming dates from Nasdaq's calendar; past results from the company's 8-K filings (Item 2.02). The full markets calendar

Filings

215 filings to the SEC since October 2021: 5 annual reports, 15 quarterly reports, 56 major events, 88 insider forms, 14 large holders, 1 private raises, 36 other. The latest 20:

  1. Aug 4, 202610-Q EDGAR
  2. Aug 4, 20268-K EDGAR
  3. Jul 29, 2026SCHEDULE 13G EDGAR
  4. Jul 10, 2026424B5 PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT EDGAR
  5. Jul 9, 2026EFFECT EDGAR
  6. Jul 8, 20264 EDGAR
  7. Jul 8, 20264 EDGAR
  8. Jul 8, 20264 EDGAR
  9. Jun 29, 20268-K EDGAR
  10. Jun 29, 2026S-3 REGISTRATION STATEMENT EDGAR
  11. Jun 26, 20264 EDGAR
  12. Jun 26, 20264 EDGAR
  13. Jun 26, 20264 EDGAR
  14. Jun 26, 20264 EDGAR
  15. Jun 26, 20264 EDGAR
  16. Jun 26, 20264 EDGAR
  17. Jun 26, 20264 EDGAR
  18. May 6, 20268-K EDGAR
  19. May 6, 202610-Q EDGAR
  20. Apr 29, 2026ARS EDGAR

The 215 filings since October 2021 can be filtered by form type and year here when JavaScript is on.

Every filing from the last five years, summarized. The full record is on SEC EDGAR.

Insider trades

16 open-market trades by officers, directors and large owners since October 2021: 13 buys and 3 sales. Grants, option exercises and gifts are left out.

DateWhoTradeSharesPriceValueFiling
Nov 14, 2025Pamir OzanChief Financial OfficerBuy6,685$6.82$45.6KForm 4
Mar 7, 2025Lopez Carlos LuisSVP, General CounselBuy273$7.86$2.1KForm 4
Dec 13, 2024Jaksch Frank L JrDirectorSale37,161$6.19$230.0KForm 4
Nov 22, 2024Pamir OzanChief Financial OfficerBuy2,907$7.36$21.4KForm 4
Aug 23, 2024Patrick KristinDirectorSale23,000$3.57$82.1KForm 4
Aug 20, 2024Li Ka Shing10% ownerSale11,408,715Form 4
Aug 20, 2024Winsave Resources Ltd10% ownerBuy11,408,715Form 4
Dec 1, 2023Gerber BriannaChief Financial OfficerBuy5,000$1.41$7.0KForm 4
Sep 6, 2023Champion River Ventures Ltd10% ownerBuy3,467,778Form 4
Jun 12, 2023Jaksch Frank L JrDirectorBuy7,000$1.69$11.8KForm 4
May 31, 2023Fried Robert NChief Executive OfficerBuy7,000$1.42$9.9KForm 4
May 25, 2023Rubin Steven DDirectorBuy7,000$1.46$10.2KForm 4
Sep 30, 2022Fried Robert NChief Executive OfficerBuy80,000$1.25$100.0KForm 4
Sep 30, 2022Pioneer Step Holdings Ltd10% ownerBuy960,000$1.25$1.2MForm 4
Jun 16, 2022Chau Hoi Shuen Solina Holly10% ownerBuy60,037$1.66$99.7KForm 4
Mar 16, 2022Fried Robert NChief Executive OfficerBuy25,000$2.16$54.0KForm 4

From Forms 4 filed with the SEC.

Major holders

Investors who own more than 5% of the shares must tell the SEC: a 13D if they may seek to influence the company, a 13G if they hold passively.

Executive pay

What the company paid its top executives, from the summary compensation table in its proxy statement. Total pay includes salary, bonus, stock and option awards and other pay, as the company valued them.

YearExecutiveAgeSalaryTotal pay
2025Robert Fried66$646.0K$8.4M84
2025Ozan Pamir35$400.0K$716.5K84
2025Carlos Lopez45$320.0K$558.0K84
2024Chief Executive Officer$500.0K$1.2M84
2024Chief Financial Officer$69.2K$461.6K84
2024SVPGeneral Counsel$135.4K$347.6K84
2023Chief Executive Officer$500.0K$1.2M84

Funding

Where the company's money came from, by calendar year: private offerings filed with the SEC, federal grants, loans, contracts and other assistance from USAspending.gov, and PPP loans from the SBA. Each bar links to the records below.

Money received by year$3.1M 2022–2022
Money received by yearMoney received by year, 2022–2022: $3.1M in all. Private raises (Form D) $3.1M.$0$1M$2M$3M$4M2022 · Private raises (Form D): $3.1M2022
Figures by year
YearPrivate raises (Form D)Total
2022$3.1M$3.1M

Private raises

Private offerings the company reported to the SEC on Form D. The amount is what the latest filing says was sold so far, charted in the year of the first sale. Covers filings since Oct 1, 2021.

  1. Sep 30, 2022Raised $3.1 million in a private offering of equity58 Form D: 3 investors so far Form D

Held by these funds

The largest holders among investment managers' 13F reports for the quarter ending Jun 30, 2026, the top 25 of 100. Change is in shares since the quarter before.

FundSharesValueShare of the fundChange
BlackRock, Inc.4,184,659$13.3M0.0%+313,040
SteelPeak Wealth, LLC3,500,129$11.2M0.3%+127,129
Vanguard Capital Management LLC2,147,018$6.8M0.0%−2,259
Qube Research & Technologies Ltd1,625,016$5.2M0.0%−89,623
Geode Capital Management, LLC1,478,603$4.7M0.0%+133,682
UBS Group AG1,283,296$4.1M0.0%−122,235
Goldman Sachs Group Inc1,262,743$4.0M0.0%+10,784
Arrowstreet Capital, Limited Partnership1,171,215$3.7M0.0%−1,207,222
Vanguard Portfolio Management LLC1,166,233$3.7M0.0%−55,261
State Street Corp1,082,752$3.5M0.0%−1,813
Renaissance Technologies LLC659,584$2.1M0.0%−669,259
Citadel Advisors LLC630,109$2.0M0.0%+99,632
Dimensional Fund Advisors LP605,326$1.9M0.0%−465,807
Morgan Stanley504,772$1.6M0.0%+123,683
Victory Capital Management Inc473,372$1.5M0.0%+47,950
Aqr Capital Management LLC472,056$1.5M0.0%−559,279
Sei Investments Co471,934$1.5M0.0%−499,640
Northern Trust Corp466,720$1.5M0.0%+70,653
Connor, Clark & Lunn Investment Management Ltd.458,614$1.5M0.0%−123,834
Charles Schwab Investment Management Inc431,614$1.4M0.0%−15,745
Vanguard Fiduciary Trust Co400,253$1.3M0.0%+25,899
Panagora Asset Management Inc347,207$1.1M0.0%+170,197
Jpmorgan Chase & Co333,204$1.1M0.0%+6,493
Jacobs Levy Equity Management, Inc324,690$1.0M0.0%New
Bank Of America Corp /de/291,727$930.6K0.0%−12,991

13F reports cover disclosed long positions in U.S. stocks only.

SEC filer profile

How Niagen Bioscience, Inc. is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, from its EDGAR record and the cover page of its latest annual report.

  • Name on EDGARNiagen Bioscience, Inc.1
  • CIK0001386570
  • Employer ID (EIN)26-29409634
  • Filer statusNon-accelerated filer not an emerging growth company; a smaller reporting company; not a shell company4
  • Incorporated inDelaware4
  • Fiscal year endsDecember 311
  • Industry code (SIC)2833 Medicinal Chemicals & Botanical Products1
  • SEC reviewing officeOffice of Life Sciences, Division of Corporation Finance1
  • Business address10900 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 600, Los Angeles, CA 900241
  • Phone310-388-67061
  • Shares outstanding79,126,002 as of Jul 30, 202612
  • Public float$813.9M as of Jun 30, 20254
  • AuditorCrowe LLP, Costa Mesa, California PCAOB ID 173; no auditor attestation of internal control over financial reporting4
  • On EDGAR sinceJan 18, 20071
  • Filings979 in all: 4 (324), 8-K (233), 10-Q (55), 3 (48), SC 13D/A (36), CT ORDER (32), 10-K (18), DEF 14A (18)1
    All 44 form types

    UPLOAD (18), CORRESP (17), EFFECT (16), D (15), 424B3 (14), DEFA14A (14), S-3 (12), S-8 (12), SC 13G/A (12), 4/A (9), 424B5 (9), SC 13G (9), 10-Q/A (5), ARS (5), NT 10-Q (5), PRE 14A (5), SC 13D (5), 10QSB (4), 10-K/A (3), 8-K/A (3), REGDEX (3), 144 (2), 3/A (2), S-1 (2), S-3/A (2), SCHEDULE 13G (2), 10KSB (1), 5 (1), 8-A12B (1), 8-A12G (1), CERTNAS (1), POS AM (1), S-1/A (1), S-8 POS (1), SB-2 (1), SCHEDULE 13G/A (1)

  • Latest filingsAnnual report (10-K) Mar 4, 2026
    Quarterly report (10-Q) Aug 4, 2026
    Proxy statement (DEF 14A) Apr 29, 2026
    Latest 8-K (8-K) Aug 4, 2026

Securities registered for trading

ClassSymbolExchange
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per shareNAGENasdaq

From the cover page of the 10-K filed Mar 4, 2026 (Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act).4

Risk factors and legal proceedings

The risks Niagen Bioscience, Inc. names in Item 1A of its 10-K filed Mar 4, 2026: 55 risks under these headings, as written.4

  • Risks Related to our Company and Business
  • Interruptions in our relationships or declines in our business with major customers could materially harm our business and financial results.
  • Global, market and economic conditions may negatively impact our business, financial condition and share price.
  • Our future success largely depends on sales of our Tru Niagen® product.
  • The success of our consumer product and ingredient business is linked to the size and growth rate of the wellness industry market and an adverse change in the size or growth rate of that market could have a material adverse effect on us.
  • The future growth and profitability of our consumer product business will depend in large part upon the effectiveness and efficiency of our marketing efforts and our ability to select effective markets and media in which to market and advertise.
  • Many of our competitors are larger and have greater financial and other resources than we do.
  • Our material cash requirements will depend on many factors.
  • Changes in our business strategy, including entering new consumer product markets, restructuring our businesses or other factors may increase our costs or otherwise affect the profitability of our businesses.
  • We face significant competition, including changes in pricing.
  • Litigation may harm our business.
  • We have a history of operating losses, may need additional financing to meet our future long-term capital requirements and may be unable to raise sufficient capital on favorable terms or at all.
The other 44 risks
  • Risks Related to our Operations
  • Our operating results may fluctuate significantly, which could make our future results difficult to predict and could cause our operating results to fall below expectations.
  • If we are unable to maintain or develop sales, marketing and distribution capabilities or maintain or develop arrangements with third parties to sell, market and distribute our products, our business may be harmed.
  • Our business could be negatively impacted by cyber security incidents or threats, which could lead to data breaches, material interruptions to our operations, manufacturing or laboratory systems, clinical trials, and IT systems, and violations of statutory and contractual privacy, confidentiality and data security obligations. This could result in significant fines, penalties, litigation, and liabilities, regulatory investigations or lawsuits, including class actions, reputational harm, and loss of revenue, customers or sales.
  • We may need to increase the size of our organization, and we can provide no assurance that we will successfully expand operations or manage growth effectively.
  • The insurance industry has previously and may again become more selective in offering some types of coverage and we may not be able to obtain insurance coverage in the future.
  • We depend on key personnel, the loss of any of which could negatively affect our business.
  • We may not be able to monetize our products for use in pharmaceuticals through partnerships, licensing, or other arrangements, and we may not receive regulatory approval to commercialize a pharmaceutical product.
  • We may not be successful in acquiring complementary businesses or products on favorable terms or enter into joint venture or similar arrangements.
  • If we experience a significant disruption in our information technology systems or if we fail to implement new systems and software successfully, our business could be adversely affected.
  • We are subject to financial and operating covenants in our business financing agreement with Western Alliance Bank, as amended (Credit Agreement) and any failure to comply with such covenants, or obtain waivers in the event of non-compliance, could limit our borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement, resulting in our being unable to borrow under the Credit Agreement and materially adversely impact our liquidity. In addition, our operations may not provide sufficient cash to meet the repayment obligations of debt incurred under the Credit Agreement.
  • We are subject to potential payment processing risk.
  • Risks Related to Our Products
  • We rely on a single supplier, W.R. Grace, for NRC and a limited number of third-party suppliers for the raw materials required to produce our products. Any failure by or loss of a third-party supplier could result in delays and increased costs, which may adversely affect our business.
  • Failure by outsourcing facilities that produce pharmaceutical-grade Niagen® and related finish products to adequately perform their obligations could harm our business or financial results.
  • Any failure by clinics administering Niagen Plus products could adversely affect our brand and reputation.
  • Unfavorable publicity or consumer perception of our products and any similar products distributed by other companies could have a material adverse effect on our business.
  • We may incur material product liability claims or class action litigation, which could increase our costs and adversely affect our reputation, revenues and operating income.
  • We utilize ingredients and components for our products from foreign suppliers, and may be negatively affected by the risks associated with international trade and importation issues.
  • We may experience delays in the development in, or may never develop, any additional products to commercialize.
  • We may not be able to partner with others for technological capabilities and new products and services.
  • If we fail to maintain adequate quality standards for our products and services, our business may be adversely affected and our reputation harmed.
  • If we experience product recalls, we may incur significant and unexpected costs, and our business reputation could be adversely affected.
  • Demand for our products and services are subject to the commercial success of our customers’ products, which may vary for reasons outside our control.
  • Risks Related to our Intellectual Property
  • Our ability to protect our intellectual property and proprietary technology through patents and other means is uncertain and may be inadequate, which may have a material and adverse effect on us.
  • Our patents and licenses may be subject to challenge on validity grounds, and our patent applications may be rejected.
  • We may become subject to claims of infringement or misappropriation of the intellectual property rights of others, which could prohibit us from developing our products, require us to obtain licenses from third parties or to develop non-infringing alternatives and subject us to substantial monetary damages.
  • The prosecution and enforcement of patents licensed to us by third parties are not within our control. Without these technologies, our products may not be successful and our business would be harmed if the patents were infringed on or misappropriated without action by such third parties.
  • We may be subject to damages resulting from claims that we, our employees, or our independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of others.
  • Risks Related to Regulatory Approval of Our Products and Other Government Regulations
  • Changes in government regulation, priorities or practices relating to the pharmaceutical, dietary supplement, food and cosmetic industry could affect our ability to comply with certain regulations and the demand for our products and services.
  • Compliance with stringent and changing global privacy and data security laws and regulations may increase our operating costs, expose us to liability, and restrict our ability to collect, use, transfer, and otherwise process data critical to our business. Any actual or perceived failure to comply could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, or operations.
  • We are subject to regulation by various federal, state, and local and foreign agencies that require us to comply with a wide variety of laws and regulations, including those regarding the manufacture of products, advertising and product label claims, the distribution of our products and environmental matters. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations could subject us to fines, penalties and additional costs.
  • Government regulations of our customers’ business are extensive and are constantly changing. Changes in these regulations can significantly affect customer demand for our products and services.
  • Changes in government regulation related to regulatory approvals to market and sell our goods could adversely affect our ability to generate revenues.
  • Risks Related to the Securities Markets and Ownership of our Equity Securities
  • The market price of our common stock may be volatile and adversely affected by several factors.
  • We have not paid cash dividends in the past and do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any return on investment may be limited to the value of our common stock.
  • We have a significant number of outstanding options, unvested restricted stock units and unvested market performance stock units. Future sales of these shares could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
  • Our ability to use our net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.
  • Our bylaws, as amended (Bylaws) provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for certain disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees.
  • General Risks
  • We may become involved in securities class action litigation that could divert management’s attention and harm our business.
  • Our failure to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in material misstatements in our financial statements, our failure to meet our reporting obligations and cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which in turn could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline.
  • Environmental, social and governance matters may impact our business and reputation.
  • Changes in tax laws or regulations that are applied adversely to us or our customers may have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flow, financial condition or results of operations.
  • We have a limited operating history in China and our ability to develop successful channels in China will be subject to certain legal, political, economic and social uncertainties.
  • Our shares of common stock may be thinly traded, so you may be unable to sell at or near ask prices or at all.
  • Stockholders may experience significant dilution if future equity offerings are used to fund operations or acquire complementary businesses.

Legal proceedings

The information set forth under the heading “Legal Proceedings” in Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies, in Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II of this Form 10-K, is incorporated herein by reference. For additional discussion of certain risks associated with legal proceedings, see Item 1A, Risk Factors.

The opening of Item 3, Legal Proceedings.4

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