Kim Woo-choong

Kim Woo-choong was born in Daegu, the son of a former school teacher-turned provincial governor of North Gyeongsang Province, who was kidnapped and taken to North Korea while Kim was a teenager. Kim became a newspaper delivery boy and sold various items. Kim's father was a mentor of South Korean president Park Chung Hee, who eventually supported Kim.

Kim graduated from Kyunggi High School, then finished his education with a Bachelor of Economics at Yonsei University in Seoul.

In 1967, Kim began a small textiles trading corporation with five other associates. Kim rapidly expanded the renamed Daewoo Group by using borrowed money to purchase near-bankrupt companies. By the 1980s, Daewoo ranked as the third-largest chaebol.

By the 1990s, Daewoo ranked second largest in assets and third in revenues. However, due to its poor financial structure; Daewoo plummeted into chaos when the Asian Financial Crisis hit in 1997. It sold off nearly 50 subsidiaries.

By 1999, Daewoo, the second largest conglomerate in South Korea with interests in about 100 countries, went bankrupt, with debts of about US$50 billion at the time. Kim fled to Vietnam, and was charged with accounting fraud worth 41 trillion won (US$43.4 billion), illegally borrowing 9.8 trillion won (US$10.3 billion), and laundering US$3.2 billion out of the country while in exile. He was wanted by Interpol for his irresponsible spending as chairman of Daewoo.

Kim was arrested soon after he returned to South Korea on 14 June 2005, and apologized "for hurting the nation" and accepted full responsibility for the collapse of the group, adding that he was "ready to accept whatever the authorities have in store for him," according to The Chosun Ilbo.

In May 2006, he was sentenced to 10 years in prison after being found guilty of charges including embezzlement and accounting fraud. In addition, 21 trillion won (US$22 billion) of his fortune was seized and he was fined an additional 10 million won (about US$10,000).

Citing health concerns, his sentence was reduced to 8 1/2 years; on 30 December 2007, he was pardoned by President Roh Moo-hyun. South Korean presidents traditionally hand out pardons for the new year.