The story
1913–1927
The Electro-Alkaline Company was founded on May 3, 1913, as the first commercial-scale liquid bleach manufacturer in the United States. Archibald Taft, a banker; Edward Hughes, a purveyor of wood and coal; Charles Husband, a bookkeeper; Rufus Myers, a lawyer; and William Hussey, a miner, each invested $100 to set up a factory on the east side of San Francisco Bay. The name of its original product, Clorox, was coined as a portmanteau of its two main ingredients, chlorine and sodium hydroxide. The original Clorox packaging featured a diamond-shaped logo, which has been used in one form or another in Clorox branding ever since.
The public, however, was unfamiliar with liquid bleach. The company started slowly and was on the brink of collapse when investor William Murray took it over in 1916, who installed himself as general manager. His wife Annie prompted the creation of a less concentrated liquid bleach for home use and built customer demand by giving away 15-US-fluid-ounce (440 ml) sample bottles at the family's grocery store in downtown Oakland. Word shortly began to spread, and in 1917 the company started shipping Clorox bleach to the East Coast via the Panama Canal.
1928–1960s
On May 28, 1928, the company went public on the San Francisco stock exchange. It changed its name to Clorox Chemical Company. An animated Clorox liquid bleach bottle, named Butch, was used in its advertising and became well known, even surviving the 1940 transition from rubber-stoppered bottles to screw-off caps.
Even though bleach was a valuable first aid product for American armed forces during World War II, government rationing of chlorine gas forced many bleach manufacturers to reduce the concentration of sodium hypochlorite in their products. Clorox, however, declined and elected to sell fewer units of full-strength bleach, establishing a reputation for quality.
In 1957, Clorox was purchased by Procter & Gamble, which renamed its new subsidiary the Clorox Company. Almost immediately, a rival company objected to the purchase, and it was challenged by the Federal Trade Commission, which feared it would stifle competition in the household products market. The FTC prevailed in 1967 when the U.S. Supreme Court forced Procter & Gamble to divest Clorox, which took place on January 1, 1969.
1970s–1990s
Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, Clorox pursued an aggressive expansion and diversification program. In 1970, the company introduced Clorox 2 all-fabric bleach. Later it acquired several brands that remain a part of its portfolio, including Formula 409, Liquid-Plumr, and Kingsford charcoal. The company also developed new cleaning products such as Tilex instant mildew remover. It also acquired the "Hidden Valley" brand of ranch dressing.
In 1988, Clorox struck a licensing-and-distribution agreement that brought Brita water filters to the U.S. The company acquired sole control of the brand for the U.S. and Canada in 1995 when it acquired Brita International Holdings (Canada). In 2000, it secured the remaining Americas market from Brita.
In 1990, Clorox purchased Pine-Sol. In 1999, Clorox acquired First Brands, the former consumer products division of Union Carbide, in the largest transaction in its history. Such brands as Glad, Handi-Wipes (which First Brands acquired from Colgate-Palmolive several months before the Clorox acquisition), and STP became part of the Clorox portfolio. The First Brands acquisition doubled the company's size and helped it land on the Fortune 500 for the first time the following year.
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2000s–present
In 2002, Clorox entered into a joint venture with Procter & Gamble to create food and trash bags, food wraps, and containers under the names Glad, GladWare, and related trademarks. As part of this agreement, Clorox sold a 10% stake in the Glad products to P&G, which increased to 20% in 2005.
In 2007, the company acquired Burt's Bees. In 2010, Clorox shed businesses that were no longer a good strategic fit for the company, announcing that it was selling the Armor All and STP brands to Avista Capital Partners. In 2011, Clorox acquired the Aplicare and HealthLink brands, bolstering its presence in the healthcare industry. In 2008, the Clorox Company became the first major consumer packaged goods company to develop and nationally launch a green cleaning line, Green Works, into the mainstream cleaning aisle. In 2011, the Clorox Company integrated corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting with financial reporting. The company's annual report for the fiscal year ending in June 2011 shared data on financial performance and advances in environmental, social, and governance performance.
In 2013, the company announced a focus on consumer megatrends that included sustainability, health and wellness, affordability and value, and multiculturalism, with a particular emphasis on the Hispanic community. In 2015, the company became a signatory of the United Nations Global Compact, a large corporate responsibility initiative. In 2018, Clorox purchased Nutranext Business, LLC for approximately $700 million. Florida-based Nutranext makes natural multivitamins, specialty minerals used as health aids, and supplements for hair, skin and nails. Clorox was named to the inaugural Bloomberg Gender Equality Index in 2018. The following year, it topped the Axios Harris Poll 100 corporate reputation rankings.
In 2019, Clorox ranked seventh in Barron's "100 Most Sustainable U.S. Companies" list. In 2022, the company opened a new manufacturing facility in Martinsburg, West Virginia, to facilitate the growth of its cat litter business. In 2023 the company was affected by a cyberattack, resulting in revenue loss and product shortages. In January 2026, Clorox agreed to buy Gojo Industries—maker of Purell—for $2.25 billion in an all-cash deal. On May 28, 2026, Clorox announced Linda Rendle, its CEO since 2020, was stepping down due to health reasons and following a diagnosis of breast cancer. The company said she will continue until her replacement is appointed.
From Wikipedia’s article on Clorox, shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.8