TWST on Nasdaq

Twist Bioscience

American Biotechnology company

Twist Bioscience is a public biotechnology company based in South San Francisco that manufactures synthetic DNA and DNA products for customers in a wide range of industries. Twist was founded in 2013 by Emily Leproust, Bill Banyai, and Bill Peck. The company was represented by Leproust at a March 2021 tabletop exercise at the Munich Security Conference simulating an outbreak of weaponized monkeypox.3 Its shares trade on Nasdaq under the symbol TWST.1 Wikipedia text CC BY-SA 4.0

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Last updated Oct 21, 2026.

Overview

$376.6MRevenue, fiscal 20255
-$77.7MNet income, fiscal 20255
2013Founded1

Compare with Krystal Biotech, Inc., Immunocore or Denali Therapeutics Inc., or pick any stock.

  • TickerTWST on Nasdaq1
  • Industrybiotechnology1
  • HeadquartersSan Francisco1
  • Websitewww.twistbioscience.com
  • Legal formcorporation1
  • Incorporated inDE6
  • Business address681 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, Ca 940806
  • Filer categoryLarge accelerated filer6
  • LEI549300T23BL59LCOH5844
  • StatusActive4
  • LEI statusLapsed (not renewed)4
  • Registered addressC/O Incorporating Services Ltd, 19901 Dover, United States4
  • Registered withDivision of Corporations, Department of State, 52835714

Twist Bioscience is a public biotechnology company based in South San Francisco that manufactures synthetic DNA and DNA products for customers in a wide range of industries. Twist was founded in 2013 by Emily Leproust, Bill Banyai, and Bill Peck.3

Financials

From the company’s reports to the SEC. Every number links to the filing it came from.

Key numbers, fiscal 2025

-36.2%Operating margin5
-20.6%Net margin5
20.3%Revenue growth, 20255
-16.4%Return on equity5
-$75.6MFree cash flow5

What sells

Revenue by product, business segment and region, as the company reports it to the SEC.

Products and services

Ngs Tools brought in 55% of the revenue Twist Bioscience broke down this way in fiscal 2025.

  1. Ngs Tools$208.1M555%up 23% from 2024
  2. Synthetic Genes$113.6M530%up 23% from 2024
  3. Antibody Discovery$23.5M56%up 15% from 2024
  4. Oligo Pools$20.2M55%up 20% from 2024
  5. Dna And Biopharma Libraries$11.2M53%down 20% from 2024
Products and services by year
Products and services202320242025
Ngs Tools$123.7M$169.1M$208.1M
Synthetic Genes$73.5M$92.7M$113.6M
Antibody Discovery$23.2M$20.3M$23.5M
Oligo Pools$14.5M$16.9M$20.2M
Dna And Biopharma Libraries$10.2M$13.9M$11.2M

Regions

Americas brought in 60% of the revenue Twist Bioscience broke down this way in fiscal 2025.

  1. Americas$225.6M560%up 16% from 2024
  2. EMEA$124.2M533%up 34% from 2024
  3. Asia Pacific$26.8M57%up 1% from 2024
Regions by year
Regions202320242025
Americas$151.3M$193.9M$225.6M
EMEA$71.4M$92.6M$124.2M
Asia Pacific$22.5M$26.5M$26.8M

Where the money goes

Where each dollar of revenue went, fiscal 2025

  • Cost of revenue36¢$185.6M
  • Research and development16¢$80.3M
  • Selling, general and admin48¢$247.0M
  • Income tax0¢$719.0K

Out of $376.6M in revenue.5 The company lost money this year.

Financial statements

Revenue78910115$376.6M in 2025+1381% since 2018
0$100.0M$200.0M$300.0M$400.0M2018: $25.4M$25.4M20182019: $54.4M$54.4M2019+114%2020: $90.1M$90.1M2020+66%2021: $132.3M$132.3M2021+47%2022: $203.6M$203.6M2022+54%2023: $245.1M$245.1M2023+20%2024: $313.0M$313.0M2024+28%2025: $376.6M$376.6M2025+20%
Operating income78910115-$136.3M in 2025+93% since 2018
-$300.0M-$200.0M-$100.0M02018: -$70.6M-$70.6M20182019: -$108.8M-$108.8M2019+54%2020: -$140.1M-$140.1M2020+29%2021: -$152.7M-$152.7M2021+9%2022: -$234.8M-$234.8M2022+54%2023: -$217.2M-$217.2M2023−8%2024: -$220.8M-$220.8M2024+2%2025: -$136.3M-$136.3M2025−38%
Net income78910115-$77.7M in 2025+9% since 2018
-$300.0M-$200.0M-$100.0M02018: -$71.2M-$71.2M20182019: -$107.7M-$107.7M2019+51%2020: -$139.9M-$139.9M2020+30%2021: -$152.1M-$152.1M2021+9%2022: -$217.9M-$217.9M2022+43%2023: -$204.6M-$204.6M2023−6%2024: -$208.7M-$208.7M2024+2%2025: -$77.7M-$77.7M2025−63%

Every line of the income statement as filed: the last 3 fiscal years, latest first.5

Period ending2025-09-302024-09-302023-09-30
Revenues$376.6M$313.0M$245.1M
Cost of revenues$185.6M$179.6M$155.4M
Research and development expenses$80.3M$90.9M$106.9M
Selling, general and administrative expenses$247.0M$218.4M$189.7M
Restructuring and other costs$0$0$9.4M
Change in fair value of contingent considerations and holdbacks$0$0-$5.9M
Impairment of long-lived assets$0$44.9M$6.8M
Total costs and expenses$512.8M$533.8M$462.3M
Loss from operations-$136.3M-$220.8M-$217.2M
Gain on sale of business$48.8M$0$0
Interest income$11.4M$15.3M$14.4M
Other income (expense), net-$903.0K-$2.7M-$672.0K
Loss before income taxes-$77.0M-$208.2M-$203.5M
Income tax expense-$719.0K-$560.0K-$1.2M
Net loss attributable to common stockholders-$77.7M-$208.7M-$204.6M
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments-$50.0K$203.0K$1.5M
Foreign currency translation adjustment-$55.0K$31.0K-$423.0K
Comprehensive loss-$77.8M-$208.5M-$203.5M
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholdersbasic (in dollars per share)-$1.30-$3.60-$3.60
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholdersdiluted (in dollars per share)-$1.30-$3.60-$3.60
Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholdersbasic (in shares)59.8M shares58.0M shares56.9M shares
Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholdersdiluted (in shares)59.8M shares58.0M shares56.9M shares
Sublease income$1.1M$0

Compare Twist Bioscience with another company

Corporate structure

Twist Bioscience sits at the top of its group. 1 entity, 1 country on record. Switch between the flow chart and the network, and select any entity to see its details.

Major holders of Twist Bioscience

  • Twist Bioscience San Francisco, California, United States

Built from parent and subsidiary links from GLEIF, the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (CC0); major holders from Schedules 13D and 13G. Each entity in the chart links to its source.

What it owns

What Twist Bioscience reports owning in its annual reports to the SEC: buildings, land and equipment, real estate and locations, investments, intangible assets and inventory, at the end of its latest fiscal year and a year before.

Property and equipment

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Property and equipment, before depreciation$197.3M5 Sep 30, 2025$178.2M5 Sep 30, 2024+10.7%
Accumulated depreciation$95.0M5 Sep 30, 2025$75.6M5 Sep 30, 2024+25.6%
Property and equipment, net$102.3M5 Sep 30, 2025$102.5M5 Sep 30, 2024−0.2%
Operating-lease assets (leased space)$49.4M5 Sep 30, 2025$58.8M5 Sep 30, 2024−16.1%

Investments

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Cash and cash equivalents$183.0M5 Sep 30, 2025$226.3M5 Sep 30, 2024−19.1%
Marketable securities, current$49.4M5 Sep 30, 2025$50.1M5 Sep 30, 2024−1.4%
Debt securities available for sale$49.4M5 Sep 30, 2025$50.1M5 Sep 30, 2024−1.4%
Equity securities at fair value$1.5M11 Sep 30, 2024$3.7M10 Sep 30, 2023−59.6%

Intangibles and goodwill

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Goodwill$82.2M5 Sep 30, 2025$85.8M5 Sep 30, 2024−4.2%
Finite-lived intangibles, gross$17.9M5 Sep 30, 2025$66.1M5 Sep 30, 2024−72.9%
Accumulated amortization$15.8M5 Sep 30, 2024$11.6M11 Sep 30, 2023+35.6%
Finite-lived intangibles, net$13.4M5 Sep 30, 2025$14.5M5 Sep 30, 2024−7.3%

Inventory

ItemLatestA year beforeChange
Inventory, total$28.3M5 Sep 30, 2025$24.1M5 Sep 30, 2024+17.6%
Raw materials$20.2M5 Sep 30, 2025$17.3M5 Sep 30, 2024+16.6%
Work in process$2.3M5 Sep 30, 2025$2.1M5 Sep 30, 2024+5.5%
Finished goods$5.9M5 Sep 30, 2025$4.6M5 Sep 30, 2024+26.8%

Properties, in its own words

Our principal facilities are described below:

Principal Facilities · Approximate Square Footage · Lease Expiration · Use · Owned or Leased

The rest of Item 2

Wilsonville, OR · 211,995 · 2044 · General & Administration and Manufacturing · Leased

South San Francisco, CA · 91,791 · 2028 · General & Administration, R&D and Manufacturing · Leased

Brisbane, CA · 24,786 · 2026 · Warehouse facility · Leased

Quincy, MA · 38,853 · 2032 · General & Administration, R&D and Manufacturing · Leased

Guangzhou, China · 9,956 · 2026 · General & Administration, Sales & Marketing and Supply Chain activities · Leased

Carlsbad, CA · 8,772 · 2026 · Sales & Marketing · Leased

Singapore · 1,353 · 2028 · Sales & Marketing · Leased

The Company believes its existing facilities are in good operating condition and are suitable for the conduct of its business.

Item 2 of the 10-K filed Nov 17, 2025.16

The story

Founded by Emily Leproust in 2013.1

Leadership

Who has led Twist Bioscience, and when. Pick a name to see everywhere that person has worked.

Board members and other officers (21)

Timeline

  1. Aug 19, 20268-K Regulation FD disclosure42
  2. Aug 19, 20268-K Other events43
  3. Aug 5, 20268-K Entered a material agreement; Regulation FD disclosure44
  4. Aug 3, 20268-K Results of operations45
  5. May 4, 20268-K Results of operations46
  6. Feb 17, 20268-K Unregistered sale of shares; Other events47
  7. Feb 6, 20268-K Shareholder vote48
  8. Feb 2, 20268-K Results of operations49
  9. Jan 12, 20268-K Results of operations50
  10. Nov 14, 20258-K Results of operations51
  11. Aug 6, 20258-K Executive or director change52
  12. Aug 4, 20258-K Results of operations53
  13. Oct 30, 2018New chief executive Emily Leproust becomes CEO17
  14. Oct 30, 2018Went public Listed on NASDAQ1
  15. 2013Founded Founded1

Calendar

Coming up

  1. Nov 13, 2026Reports results for the quarter ending Sep/2026 A year earlier it reported ($0.45) a share, on Nov 14, 2025.54

When it reported results

  1. Aug 3, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results45
  2. May 4, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results46
  3. Feb 2, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results49
  4. Jan 12, 2026Reported quarterly or annual results50
  5. Nov 14, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results51
  6. Aug 4, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results53
  7. May 5, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results55
  8. Feb 3, 2025Reported quarterly or annual results56

Upcoming dates from Nasdaq's calendar; past results from the company's 8-K filings (Item 2.02). The full markets calendar

Filings

1,153 filings to the SEC since October 2021: 6 annual reports, 16 quarterly reports, 45 major events, 661 insider forms, 64 large holders, 361 other. The latest 20:

  1. Oct 13, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  2. Oct 9, 2026144 EDGAR
  3. Oct 7, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  4. Oct 5, 2026144 EDGAR
  5. Oct 5, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  6. Oct 5, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  7. Oct 5, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  8. Oct 5, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  9. Oct 5, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  10. Oct 5, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  11. Oct 2, 2026144 EDGAR
  12. Oct 2, 2026144 EDGAR
  13. Oct 2, 2026144 EDGAR
  14. Oct 2, 2026144 EDGAR
  15. Oct 2, 2026144 EDGAR
  16. Oct 2, 2026144 EDGAR
  17. Oct 1, 2026144 EDGAR
  18. Sep 25, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR
  19. Sep 24, 2026144 EDGAR
  20. Sep 23, 20264 PRIMARY DOCUMENT EDGAR

The 1,153 filings since October 2021 can be filtered by form type and year here when JavaScript is on.

Every filing from the last five years, summarized. The full record is on SEC EDGAR.

Insider trades

376 open-market trades by officers, directors and large owners since October 2021: 2 buys and 374 sales. Grants, option exercises and gifts are left out.

DateWhoTradeSharesPriceValueFiling
Sep 24, 2026Leproust Emily M.Chief Executive OfficerSale5,203$177.38$922.9KForm 4
Sep 21, 2026Cho DennisSee RemarksSale348$165.49$57.6KForm 4
Sep 21, 2026Green PaulaSVP of Human ResourcesSale294$165.49$48.7KForm 4
Sep 21, 2026Leproust Emily M.Chief Executive OfficerSale1,687$165.49$279.2KForm 4
Sep 17, 2026Leproust Emily M.Chief Executive OfficerSale356,546$157.99$56.3MForm 4
Sep 8, 2026Cho DennisSee RemarksSale412$122.62$50.5KForm 4
Sep 8, 2026Green PaulaSVP of Human ResourcesSale907$122.62$111.2KForm 4
Sep 8, 2026Leproust Emily M.Chief Executive OfficerSale2,302$122.62$282.3KForm 4
Sep 8, 2026WERNER ROBERT F.Chief Accounting OfficerSale238$122.62$29.2KForm 4
Aug 25, 2026Leproust Emily M.Chief Executive OfficerSale41,570$151.98$6.3MForm 4
Aug 24, 2026WERNER ROBERT F.Chief Accounting OfficerSale854$140.77$120.2KForm 4
Aug 21, 2026Cho DennisSee RemarksSale1,598$139.07$222.2KForm 4
Aug 21, 2026Finn Patrick JohnPresident and COOSale4,046$139.07$562.7KForm 4
Aug 21, 2026Green PaulaSVP of Human ResourcesSale1,360$139.07$189.1KForm 4
Aug 21, 2026Laponis AdamChief Financial OfficerSale1,965$139.07$273.3KForm 4
Aug 21, 2026Leproust Emily M.Chief Executive OfficerSale6,639$139.07$923.3KForm 4
Aug 21, 2026WERNER ROBERT F.Chief Accounting OfficerSale669$139.07$93.0KForm 4
Aug 19, 2026Cho DennisSee RemarksSale14,205$129.75$1.8MForm 4
Aug 18, 2026Finn Patrick JohnPresident and COOSale78,355$117.64$9.2MForm 4
Aug 12, 2026BLAKE KATRYNDirectorSale2,240$122.88$275.3KForm 4

All 376 trades can be filtered by person here when JavaScript is on.

From Forms 4 filed with the SEC.

Major holders

Investors who own more than 5% of the shares must tell the SEC: a 13D if they may seek to influence the company, a 13G if they hold passively.

Executive pay

What the company paid its top executives, from the summary compensation table in its proxy statement. Total pay includes salary, bonus, stock and option awards and other pay, as the company valued them.

YearExecutiveAgeSalaryTotal pay
2025Emily M. LeproustPh.D. Chief Executive Officer and Chair of the Board52$720.0K$13.8M73
2025Patrick Finn, Ph.D.President and Chief Operating Officer54$563.0K$8.0M73
2025Adam LaponisChief Financial Officer49$490.0K$4.2M73
2025Dennis ChoChief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary55$449.0K$3.6M73
2025Paula GreenSenior Vice President of Human Resources58$400.0K$3.3M73
2024Emily M. LeproustPh.D. Chief Executive Officer and Chair of the Board52$685.0K$7.6M73
2024Adam LaponisChief Financial Officer49$330.7K$5.0M73
2024Patrick Finn, Ph.D.President and Chief Operating Officer54$500.0K$3.9M73
2024Paula GreenSenior Vice President of Human Resources58$371.0K$2.0M73
2024Dennis ChoChief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary55$433.0K$1.8M73
2023Emily M. LeproustPh.D. Chief Executive Officer and Chair of the Board52$685.0K$8.0M73
2023Patrick Finn, Ph.D.President and Chief Operating Officer54$470.0K$5.2M73
2023Paula GreenSenior Vice President of Human Resources58$356.3K$2.5M73
2023Dennis ChoChief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary55$410.0K$1.6M73

Held by these funds

The largest holders among investment managers' 13F reports for the quarter ending Jun 30, 2026, the top 25 of 100. Change is in shares since the quarter before.

FundSharesValueShare of the fundChange
BlackRock, Inc.5,833,891$600.2M0.0%+279,529
Artisan Partners Limited Partnership4,802,017$494.0M0.8%−1,565,760
Fmr LLC4,703,044$483.8M0.0%+2,813,099
ARK Investment Management LLC4,549,803$468.1M3.0%−1,792,930
State Street Corp3,232,532$332.6M0.0%−438,150
Vanguard Portfolio Management LLC2,824,989$290.6M0.0%+175,888
Vanguard Capital Management LLC2,699,280$277.7M0.0%+60,236
EdgePoint Investment Group Inc.2,521,635$259.4M2.0%−2,860,886
William Blair Investment Management, LLC2,174,594$223.7M0.7%−3,095,124
Farallon Capital Management, L.l.c.2,136,400$219.8M1.3%+708,750
Invesco Ltd.1,928,229$198.4M0.0%−243,669
Geode Capital Management, LLC1,619,361$166.6M0.0%+99,648
Goldman Sachs Group Inc1,408,418$144.9M0.0%−297,128
Morgan Stanley1,189,861$122.4M0.0%+643,016
D. E. Shaw & Co., Inc.1,185,605$122.0M0.1%+1,138,961
Baillie Gifford & Co1,086,779$111.8M0.1%−128,372
Driehaus Capital Management LLC1,022,526$105.2M0.6%+437,830
Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Group, Inc.1,000,344$102.9M0.1%−495,755
Amova Asset Management Americas, Inc.999,734$102.8M1.3%−496,365
Bank Of America Corp /de/922,647$94.9M0.0%+338,386
Citadel Advisors LLC862,042$88.7M0.1%−358,358
Loomis Sayles & Co L P861,309$88.6M0.1%+369,019
Stephens Investment Management Group LLC767,364$78.9M0.8%New
First Light Asset Management, LLC727,933$74.9M4.6%−150,915
Voya Investment Management LLC671,866$69.1M0.1%+661,478

13F reports cover disclosed long positions in U.S. stocks only.

Members of Congress who traded it

2 trades disclosed by members of Congress. “Vs S&P since” is the stock’s change since the trade minus the S&P 500’s.

DateMemberTradeAmountVs S&P sinceFiling
Mar 30, 2022Dwight EvansDemocratic, HouseSale$1,001 - $15,000−123.9%Report
Mar 2, 2020Dwight EvansDemocratic, HouseBuy$1,001 - $15,000+206.8%Report

Members report amounts as ranges, not exact figures. Returns are price-only (no dividends).

SEC filer profile

How Twist Bioscience is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, from its EDGAR record and the cover page of its latest annual report.

  • Name on EDGARTwist Bioscience Corp2
  • CIK0001581280
  • Employer ID (EIN)46-205888816
  • Filer statusLarge accelerated filer not an emerging growth company; not a smaller reporting company; not a shell company16
  • Incorporated inDelaware16
  • Fiscal year endsSeptember 302
  • Industry code (SIC)2836 Biological Products, (No Diagnostic Substances)2
  • SEC reviewing officeOffice of Life Sciences, Division of Corporation Finance2
  • Business address681 Gateway Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 940802
  • Phone800-719-06712
  • Shares outstanding62,707,424 as of Jul 29, 202614
  • Public float$2.3B as of Mar 31, 202516
  • AuditorErnst & Young LLP, San Mateo, California PCAOB ID 42; it also attests to the company’s internal control over financial reporting16
  • On EDGAR sinceJul 12, 20132
  • Filings1,625 in all: 4 (955), 144 (334), 8-K (78), SC 13G/A (34), 3 (27), 10-Q (24), 4/A (22), SCHEDULE 13G/A (21)2
    All 40 form types

    SC 13G (18), 424B5 (11), CORRESP (9), S-8 (9), 10-K (8), DEF 14A (8), D (7), SCHEDULE 13G (7), UPLOAD (7), 424B7 (4), D/A (4), DRS/A (4), 8-K/A (3), ARS (3), EFFECT (3), S-1/A (3), S-3ASR (3), 424B4 (2), DRS (2), DRSLTR (2), S-1 (2), 10-K/A (1), 10-Q/A (1), 144/A (1), 3/A (1), 8-A12B (1), CERT (1), CT ORDER (1), PRE 14A (1), S-1MEF (1), S-3 (1), S-3/A (1)

  • Latest filingsAnnual report (10-K) Nov 17, 2025
    Quarterly report (10-Q) Aug 3, 2026
    Proxy statement (DEF 14A) Jan 6, 2026
    Latest 8-K (8-K) Aug 19, 2026

Securities registered for trading

ClassSymbolExchange
Common StockTWSTThe Nasdaq Global Select Market

From the cover page of the 10-K filed Nov 17, 2025 (Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act).16

Risk factors and legal proceedings

The risks Twist Bioscience names in Item 1A of its 10-K filed Nov 17, 2025: 61 risks under these headings, as written.16

  • Risks Related to Our Business
  • We have incurred net losses in every period to date, and we may continue to experience losses as we develop our business and may never achieve profitability.
  • If we are unable to maintain adequate revenue growth or do not successfully manage such growth, our business and growth prospects will be harmed.
  • We may encounter difficulties in managing our growth, and these difficulties could impair our profitability.
  • The continued success of our business relies heavily on our disruptive technologies and products and our position in the market as a leading provider or synthetic DNA using a silicon chip.
  • We are substantially dependent on the success of our synthetic DNA products.
  • We operate in a highly competitive industry and if we are not able to compete effectively, our business and operating results will likely be harmed.
  • If we are unable to attract new customers and retain and grow sales from our existing customers, our business will be materially and adversely affected.
  • Our revenue, results of operations, cash flows and reputation in the marketplace may suffer upon the loss of a limited number of large customers.
  • If we, or our partners or suppliers, experience a significant disruption in, or breach in security of, information technology systems or other cybersecurity incidents, our business could be adversely affected.
  • As we continue to grow our business, we will need to implement new systems and software successfully, otherwise our business and our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
  • Rapidly changing technology and extensive competition in synthetic biology could make the products we are developing and producing obsolete or non-competitive unless we continue to develop and manufacture new and improved products and pursue new market opportunities.
The other 50 risks
  • Issues relating to the use of AI and machine learning and compliance with evolving regulations and industry standards could adversely affect our business and operating results.
  • Adverse global economic conditions and U.S. policy changes could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
  • A significant portion of our sales depends on customers’ budgets that may be subject to significant and unexpected variation, including seasonality.
  • We generally do not have long-term contracts with our customers requiring them to purchase any specified quantities from us.
  • We depend on one single-source supplier for a critical component for our DNA synthesis process. Although we have a reserve of supplies and alternative suppliers exist, the loss of this supplier or its failure to supply us with the necessary component on a timely basis could cause delays in the future capacity of our DNA synthesis process and adversely affect our business.
  • We must continue to secure and maintain sufficient and stable supplies of raw materials. Any shortage of raw materials or materials necessary for our production capabilities may adversely affect our business.
  • We depend on the continuing efforts of our senior management team and other key personnel, including our scientific and engineering personnel. If we lose members of our senior management team or other key personnel or are unable to successfully retain, recruit and train qualified researchers, engineering and other personnel, our ability to develop our products could be harmed, and we may be unable to achieve our goals.
  • We may be unable to successfully recruit and maintain adequate sales, marketing and other support personnel in order to increase our market share and expand our customer base.
  • We may engage in strategic transactions, including acquisitions, collaborations, or investments in other companies or technologies, that could disrupt our business, cause dilution to our stockholders, reduce our financial resources, or prove not to be successful.
  • We may not achieve the anticipated benefits from the spin out of our DNA data storage application.
  • We may be subject to significant pricing pressures and if we are unable to pass on any cost increase to our customers, our business, financial position and results of operations could be adversely affected.
  • We use biological and hazardous materials that require considerable expertise and expense for handling, storage and disposal and may result in claims against us.
  • We could develop DNA sequences or engage in other activity that contravenes biosecurity requirements, or regulatory authorities could promulgate more far-reaching biosecurity requirements that our standard business practices cannot accommodate, which could give rise to substantial legal liability, impede our business and damage our reputation.
  • Third parties may use our products in ways that could damage our reputation.
  • A violation of data privacy or data protection laws could adversely harm our operating results and financial condition, damage our reputation or otherwise materially harm our business.
  • Because we are subject to existing and potential additional governmental regulation, the markets for our products may be narrowed.
  • Our products could in the future be subject to additional regulation by the FDA or other domestic and international regulatory agencies, which could increase our costs and delay our commercialization efforts, thereby materially and adversely affecting our business and results of operations.
  • Certain of our potential customers may require that we become certified under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988.
  • We currently manufacture all of our products and multiple sub-assemblies at our manufacturing facilities in Wilsonville, Oregon and South San Francisco, California, and if either of these facilities are destroyed or we experience at either of these facilities any manufacturing difficulties, disruptions, or delays, this could limit supply of our products or adversely affect our ability to sell products or conduct our clinical trials, and our business would be adversely impacted
  • Natural disasters, public health crises, political crises, severe weather events, and other catastrophic events or other events outside of our control may damage our facilities or the facilities of third parties on which we depend and could impact our ability to sell products.
  • We may not be able to scale our manufacturing capacity to meet future demand, which could harm our business.
  • Delivery of our products could be delayed or disrupted by factors beyond our control, and we could lose customers as a result.
  • We may require additional financing to achieve our goals, and such additional financing may not be available acceptable terms, or at all, which could have an adverse effect on our business.
  • As we expand our development and commercialization activities outside of the United States, we will be subject to an increased risk of inadvertently conducting activities in a manner that violates the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the "FCPA") and similar laws. If that occurs, we may be subject to civil or criminal penalties which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects.
  • We could engage in exporting or related activity that contravenes international trade restraints, or regulatory authorities could promulgate more far-reaching international trade restraints, which could give rise to one or more of substantial legal liability, impediments to our business and reputational damage.
  • Doing business internationally creates operational and financial risks for our business.
  • Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards to offset future taxable income may be subject to certain limitations.
  • The enactment of legislation implementing changes in taxation of international business activities, the adoption of other corporate tax reform policies, or changes in tax legislation or policies could impact our future financial position and results of operations.
  • Ethical, legal and social concerns surrounding the use of genetic information could reduce demand for our technology.
  • Risks related to being a public company
  • If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal controls, our ability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis could be impaired, which would adversely affect our business.
  • The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources and require a substantial amount of management’s attention.
  • Risks related to our intellectual property
  • Our ability to protect our intellectual property and proprietary technology through patents and other means is uncertain.
  • If we are unable to obtain, maintain and enforce intellectual property protection, others may be able to make, use, or sell products and technologies substantially the same as ours, which could adversely affect our ability to compete in the market.
  • We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights throughout the world.
  • If we are unable to protect the confidentiality of our proprietary information and know-how, the value of our technology and products could be adversely affected.
  • We may be involved in lawsuits to protect or enforce our patents and proprietary rights, to determine the scope, coverage and validity of others’ proprietary rights, or to defend against third party claims of intellectual property infringement that could require us to spend significant time and money and could prevent us from selling our products or impact our stock price.
  • We may not be successful in obtaining or maintaining necessary rights to our products and technologies through acquisitions and in-licenses, and our intellectual property agreements with third parties may involve unfavorable terms or be subject to disagreements over contract interpretation.
  • We have not yet registered some of our trademarks in all of our potential markets, and failure to secure those registrations could adversely affect our business.
  • We depend on certain technologies that are licensed to us. We do not control these technologies and any loss of our rights to them could prevent us from selling our products.
  • Risks relating to owning our common stock
  • We have never paid dividends on our capital stock and we do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future. Consequently, any gains from an investment in our common stock will likely depend on whether the price of our common stock increases.
  • Our charter documents and Delaware law could prevent a takeover that stockholders consider favorable and could also reduce the market price of our stock.
  • Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and the federal district courts of the United States will be the exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees.
  • General risk factors
  • The market price of our common stock is likely to be volatile and could fluctuate or decline, resulting in a substantial loss of your investment.
  • Our quarterly and annual operating results and cash flows have fluctuated in the past and might continue to fluctuate, causing the value of our common stock to decline substantially.
  • If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or publish negative reports about our business, our share price and trading volume could decline.
  • Our actual operating results may differ significantly from our guidance.
  • We have in the past and may in the future be subject to short selling strategies that may drive down the market price of our common stock.
  • Future sales and issuances of our common stock or rights to purchase common stock, including pursuant to our equity incentive plans, could result in additional dilution of the percentage ownership of our stockholders and could cause the stock price of our common stock to decline.
  • Claims for indemnification by our directors and officers may reduce our available funds to satisfy successful third-party claims against us and may reduce the amount of money available to us.
  • Increasing scrutiny and evolving expectations around corporate responsibility practices, specifically related to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) matters, from investors, lenders, customers, government regulators and other market participants may impose additional costs and expose us to reputational and other risks.

Legal proceedings

For a description of material pending legal proceedings, see Note 10 “Commitments and Contingencies - Legal Proceedings” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K, which is incorporated herein by reference. In addition, we are subject to various legal proceedings and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. Although occasional adverse decisions or settlements may occur, management believes that the final disposition of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

The opening of Item 3, Legal Proceedings.16

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